The investigation on the chloroplast and nuclear genomes of taxa belong to the subgenus Dracunculus (Bess.) Rydb. of Artemisia L. (Asteraceae) in Turkey

In this research, 60 individuals of 21 specimens taken from 17 different populations belong to taxa of the subgenus Dracunculus in Turkey were examined. Depending on the width of the populations belong to the taxa, between 1 and 4 individuals with the same label information were used for each taxa. For all examined individuals from the same and different populations belong to taxa of the subgenus Dracunculus, it has been determined the sequences of regions both psbA-trnH of chloroplast DNA and ITS of nuclear DNA (ITS1-5.8 gene - ITS2). Molecular diversity parameters were obtained from both separate and co-evaluations of sequences of the psbA-trnH and ITS regions of examined individuals. Molecular diversity parameters obtained from co-evaluations of sequences of the psbA-trnH and ITS regions of examined individuals were used only in the phylogenetic tree drawing. In the Maximum Likelihood method, by entering the bootstrap value 100, a single phylogenetic tree for total of 63 individuals, 60 of which were examined, 2 of which were control group and 1 of which was an external group was obtained. It was found that there were no gene flow and hybridization between the four studied taxa of the subgenus Dracunculus, and these four taxa were also completed their speciation. According to the results of this molecular study, A. campestris var. campestris, A.campestris var. marschalliana and A.campestris var. araratica was proposed to raise from variety level to species level. Thus, like in the Flora of Turkey, the new systematic positions and combinations of the three varieties of the species A. campestris will be independent species A. campestris, A. marschalliana and A. araratica, like the Flora of Turkey. Keywords: Artemisia, Dracunculus, Turkey, Artemisia scoparia, Artemisia campestris, Artemisia marschalliana, Artemisia araratica, psbA-trnH, ITS, PCR, Phylogenetic tree