Molecular and clinical characterization of Y chromosome microdeletions in Iraqi infertile men

Y chromosome microdeletions were investigated in men's infertility. In our study, we investigated the AZFa, AZFb, AZFc SRY regions microdeletions and the level of some reproductive hormones LH and testosterone in infertility males. A total number of 50 samples were collected from patients with an infertility problem, out of them tested subject 1 (2%) was azoospermic with no sperm account. 7 (14%) were oligozoospermia with a sperm count of less than 15 million sperm in mole while the normal sperm count was 42 (84%). Mean Average of sperm motility of infertility patient shows highly average in (grade D) immobility counted at 43.38 when compared to a different type of grade, followed by active motility (grade A) that recorded 28.94 while slow motility (Grade B) and very slow Grade C showed to be lowest average 15.56, 12.74 respectively. AZF a type of different region chromosome microdeletion observed highly frequency distribution of 38 (86.3%), 5 (11.3%), and 1 (1.5%) in normal counted sperm motility, oligozoospermia, nonobstructive azoospermia respectively follow by AZF b type of chromosome microdeletion were 32 (94.1%) in normal counted sperm motility and 2 (5.8%) in patients with oligozoospermia while not detected in 0 (00%) in nonobstructive azoospermia patients. AZF c type of different region chromosome microdeletion was 37 (92.5%) in normal counted sperm motility, 3 (7.5%) in patients with oligozoospermia, and not detected in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia while SRY type of chromosome microdeletion showed to be the lowest frequency among different type of chromosome microdeletion. The volume of seminal fluid was between (2.5±1.62 and 4±1.69) Mean ± SD this difference is equal to a normal range of semen volume (˃1.5 ml). Male infertility were 50 patient , 6 (16%) of them were without chromosomal microdeletion 1(16%) was azoospermia and the other were 2 (33%) oligoazoospermia , 3(50%) were normal sperm counted from all patient without microdeletion while male infertility chromosomal microdeletion was observed in 44 (88%) patient at different site of region deletion, the highly distribution microdeletion was recorded in the types of AZFa 326 NO =44(88%) , AZFc 380 NO =40(80%) , AZFb 196 NO =38 (76%) , AZFc 231 NO =37(74%) , AZFa 390 NO =35(70%), while the lowest distribution according to current study was shown in the types of AZFc 126 NO = 285(6%) , SRY 472 NO = 27(54%) , AZFc 285 NO = 24 (48%) , AZFc 245 NO =23(46%) , SRY167 NO = 23 (46%) and AZFb 301 NO =21(42%). In azoospermia patients, it was not detected any pattern of microdeletion while the severe oligozoospermia patients noted the equal evidence of microdeletion in the types of (AZFa 326, AZFa 275, AZFb 196, AZFc 285, AZFc 245, AZFc 231, AZFc 380, AZFc 301, AZFc 126) and was not detected the types of region deletion of ( AZFa220, AZFa 390, AZFb 301, AZFb 274, AZFb 301, SRY 472, SRY 167) Case of Oligoazoospermia showed an increased distribution of AZFb 301, AZFc380, AZFc301 which are followed by AZFa 326,AZFb 196, AZFb 274, AZFc 231, while the pattern of deletion of AZFa 275, AZFa 390, AZFb 301, AZFc 285, AZFc 126 showed the less distribution.