Reality and truth in John R. Searle's philosophy

The objective existence of the external world, independent of thought and representation, has been a subject that has been thought about since the sophists in the history of philosophy. Although there are views close to common sense that advocate the existence of the external world, there are also philosophers who claim that it is dependent on the perception of the subject. Although the view that rejects the existence of the external world is generally seen as equivalent to idealism, this view has contemporary postmodern and poststructuralist arguments. Searle proved the invalidity of these counter-reality arguments and claimed that reality was a background assumption. The determining factor in the answer to the question of the existence of the external world is perception. Although it is generally accepted that something existing in the external world causes the sensory contents we acquire through the act of perception, there are also views that put the content of perception into the object of perception. According to Searle, perception is the perception of what exists ontologically in external reality, and this perception occurs directly but from a perspective. However, background abilities and network connections are also two factors that determine perception. With the addition of these two abilities, the conscious subject performs the act of perception. The facts that emerge with the direct perception of the objective beings existing in the external reality constitute the object of the act of knowledge. According to John R. Searle, these phenomena are independent of language because they exist in external reality. Integrity, on the other hand, is a value loaded on statements when statements, which are intentional, overlap with facts. In this study, it will be tied to answer the following three questions: Is there an external world which is independent of thought and perception? If so, how is the perception of this world realized? How can we determine the truth value of this perception content when it receives the information form? It is aimed to examine the answers given by John Searle, a contemporary philosopher, to these questions from an ontological and epistemological point of view.