Comparative analysis of agricultural subsidy systems in Kazakhstan and Turkey: Lessons for sustainable development

This thesis presents a comparative analysis of government subsidies implemented in the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan and Turkey. The main objective of the research is to assess the economic efficiency of agricultural support policies in both countries, to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the existing systems, and to develop improvement proposals from the perspective of sustainable development. The study utilizes official statistics, comparative analysis, literature review, and economic-factor analysis methods. The findings reveal that there are both similarities and differences in the subsidy policies of Kazakhstan and Turkey, which generate various effects on agricultural production, productivity, and rural development. Furthermore, the research concludes that there is a need to enhance digitalization and adaptation to climate change in both systems.