Clinical evaluation of periodontal disease in cats and dogs

Inflammation of the tissues that support and surround the tooth (gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone) is classified as periodontal disease. In dogs and cats, periodontal disease results in loosening of teeth, halitosis, increased salivation, redness of the gums, loss of appetite, and tooth loss. Pets experiencing these symptoms may lose their appetite and suffer from a decline in overall health. In this thesis research, felines and canines that presented with periodontal disease were categorized based on their species, age, and gender attributes, and their periodontal disease stages were assessed and graded through clinical evaluations. Accurate diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease require a comprehensive evaluation of clinical features such as gingival pocket depth measurements, radiographic imaging of the teeth, and other periodontal lesions. These assessments are critical in determining the extent and severity of the disease, enabling efficient and effective management of the condition. During our study, we examined the incidence of periodontal disease in cats and dogs. We considered various factors such as age, breed, gender, diet, and home care. After conducting research on 23 cats and 16 dogs, we observed a trend among pets fed with dry food to develop periodontal disease. While each of the cases in the study had halitosis, it was observed that 90% of the complaints they brought to the clinic had the same symptoms. While periodontal disease is quite common in premolar teeth in cats, this similarity has not been observed in dogs; despite being carnivores, there are differences on a species basis. Regular dental brushing has been found to support significant treatment in patients who are still in the early stages of the disease, even while differences in the antibiotics used in medical treatment do not yield substantial differences in outcomes. The study has revealed the significance of tooth brushing, particularly for pet owners with dogs and cats. Regular tooth brushing habit is necessary to protect against diseases, and it can be therapeutic in the early stages of the disease.