Determination of deteriorations in rock carving structures in Konya, using non-destructive tests

In this study, atmosphere-based alterations in engineering properties of rocks, in which Chapel and Clergy House were carved in Kilistra Antic City, were investigated by means of non-destructive tests. For this purpose, rock types in which Kilistra Antic City (located 35 kms to the southwest of Konya) was carved were determined and sufficient amounts of rock blocks were conveyed into the laboratory. Samples complying with the related standards were prepared to be used in physical and mechanical tests and for textural inspections. Of the physical characteristics of the rock, porosity, water absorption by weight, P wave velocity and capillary water absorption values were tested in laboratory. And of the mechanical characteristics, uniaxial compressive strength and Schmidt rebound hammer test values were determined. Deteriorations on the front facades of the chapel and clergy house were determined using Schmidt hammer, thermal camera, p wave velocity and by means of relative humidity measurement which are known as non-destructive tests. Measurements in these tests were conducted in two periods being humid and arid periods. Spots that were measured were marked on the orthophotographs of the buildings and deterioration maps were prepared using the program Surfer. Deterioration maps and field observations indicated that deteriorations at lower levels intensified as a result of capillary rise of water and those at higher levels were directly related with melting process of snow accumulated in winter.