Liderlik stillerinin performans üzerindeki etkileri: Kuzey Irak'taki işverenler üzerine analitik bir çalışma

This study examines how individual performance is affected by leadership styles, particularly toxic and servant leadership, in business organizations located in Sulaimani, Northern Iraq. Examining the relationship between employee outcomes and leadership behaviors while taking age, gender, and work experience into account is the main goal. A structured questionnaire comprising a measurement of individual performance and scales for toxic leadership and servant leadership was used to gather data. 400 participants from a variety of industries made up the sample Individual performance showed a negative correlation with toxic leadership and a positive correlation with servant leadership, according to descriptive statistics used to analyze the data. Both leadership philosophies significantly predicted individual performance, according to regression analyses, but servant leadership had a stronger beneficial effect. Perceptions of leadership styles and performance levels were not significantly impacted by demographic factors like age or gender, indicating that leadership quality is universally important. These results highlight the value of leadership development and offer organizations in Northern Iraq practical advice on how to improve worker performance through encouraging leadership practices. The findings have contributed wider understanding of leadership dynamics in Middle Eastern business settings. Key term: Leadership Styles, Individual Performance, Servant leadership style, Toxic Leadership style.