Investigation of wound healing potentials and biological activities of lysimachia verticillaris and lysimachia vulgaris plants

The genus Lysimachia (Primulaceae) is represented by 8 species in the flora of Turkey. Lysimachia species with their rich phenolic and flavonoit content are used among the public as wound healing, antipyretic and pain reliever. In this thesis study; it is aimed to evaluate the wound healing potential of L. verticillaris and L. vulgaris plants as in vivo and in vitro and to investigate their therapeutic use. Within the scope of the thesis, the wound healing potentials of L. verticillaris and L. vulgaris aqueous extracts were investigated in vivo with the "Circular Excision Wound Model". Changes in wound healing have been observed with biological activity and histopathological studies. RT-PCR studies were performed to determine gene expression. Cell culture studies were carried out to elucidate the mechanism of the wound healing potential of aqueous extracts of plants. Moreover, enzyme inhibitions, antimicrobial activity and HPLC studies were carried out in this thesis. When the wound area reductions were examined, it was determined that the wound closure effect of the ointments was better than the Madecassol® group used as a positive control. Wound closure results and histopathological, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory results were found to be compatible with each other. It was observed that the plants contributed to wound healing by decreasing TNF-α, IL-1β and MMP-9 gene levels and increasing IL-10 levels. By mechanism elucidation studies, it has been determined that the plants realize their wound healing potential by increasing HO concentration in cells, inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme and nitric oxide. The collagenase enzyme inhibition values of the plants were found to be close to each other and as effective as catechin. It was determined that the plants showed the most pronounced antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, one of the gram-positive bacteria. When the phenolic content of the plants was examined by YPSK studies, it was determined that the main component was sinapic acid. In the light of this information, it is predicted that the wound healing potential of aqueous extracts of the plants are quite effective and can be used as a natural drug source.