Manufacturing and studying pyhsical of CeO2 nanoparticles and their utulization as antibacterial antifungal

Nanobiotechnology utilizes nanotechnology-derived tools for the investigation of biological processes. In contemporary applications, nanoceria or cerium oxide nanoparticles have found diverse uses in medicine, including antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties, as well as in drug delivery systems. Their unique ability to transition between trivalent and tetravalent oxidation states makes them promising candidates for various commercial applications. This study focuses on the environmentally friendly synthesis of nanoceria or cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) using Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract. Cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (CeN3O9.6H2O) is the chemical material employed in this process. The structural and morphological properties of the resulting thin films were analyzed using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), and Optical Absorption. Additionally, the synthesized CeO2 NPs were assessed for their anti-fungal and antibacterial potential. The obtained results demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against E. coli and remarkable antioxidant activity.