Ontological and cosmological evidence according to Muhammed Hamdi Yazır (In the context of the interpretation of the True Religion of the Qur'an Language)

ABSTRACT This research examines the ontological and cosmological evidence for the existence of God in the tafsir of Muhammad Hamdi Yazir. It covers the philosophical foundations of Yazır's ontological and cosmological arguments and his approach to these evidences. The main purpose of the research is to reveal Yazır's philosophical approaches to ontological and cosmological proofs for the existence of God. Within the scope of the research; Topics such as being-universe-God, God-world, world-evidence, causality and causality principle are included. In addition, his approach to concepts such as wujûd, wajibü'l-wujûd, wahdat, wujud-wahdat-kesret relationship is discussed. While explaining the ontological proof, Yazır defines the concept of "vücûd" as "real being" and expresses the concept of "vâcibü'l-vücûd" as "that which exists absolutely" or "whose existence is obligatory". According to him, the world of existence (creature) consists of shadows and dreams in the face of Allah (Khaliq). Allah, the Necessary Being, is one. Everything outside of Him is in need of Him. Created beings are like shadows in the face of the real being (Allah). In Yazır's approach, the cosmological argument aims to reach the existence of God through the fact that the universe exists. He states that all created beings are evidence of God's power. The universe points to the existence of God with both internal (infusi) and external (âfâkî) evidences. In the context of the principle of causality, the first cause is God. Without Him, nothing can exist. There is unity in the universe, it is proof of the existence of the creator. The universe is a book that shows the existence and unity of God.