Müze mekanı için yeni biçim arayışı: 1960-1980 döneminde Türkiye arkeoloji ve müze mimarlığı politikası

This study historically examines the formation and development of museums in Turkey, which are powerful cultural tools of modernity. Within the scope of the thesis, I scrutinize the evolution of museum architecture in Turkey under the influence of political ideologies and archaeological policies from the beginning of the twentieth century until 1980. As will be seen in the following sections, the political, cultural, economic, and social transformations experienced in this period were influential to the formation of museums in Turkey. The concept of museums began to change in Europe from the Enlightenment period onward and, became a central element for nation-states to create a modern and civilized identity in the nineteenth century. Likewise, the preliminary scientific archaeological studies in the late Ottoman period culminated in the Imperial Museum. After the proclamation of the Republic, the efforts to establish a modern museum in Turkey gained momentum along with many other nation-building policies. This thesis explores the establishment and development of museums in Turkey in the period between 1960 and 1980, focusing on the archaeological and cultural policies between political coups and their historical origins. I argue that the making of museums cannot be read independently of historicity, local identity, and role-play in the architectural medium. In this regard, this thesis spatially analyzes two museums in light of two major architectural themes of the period by synthesizing the examples in the architectural journals and state archives and examining these through many concepts found in the academic literature.