Determination of yield and quality parameters of some bread wheat varieties in Nevşehir ecological conditions

Wheat, a primary source of basic needs for both underdeveloped and developing countries, is of great importance both globally and in our country due to its nutritional value and its cultivation and storage capabilities. Wheat, a primary source of basic needs for the global population of approximately 8.3 billion, is primarily used in bread, biscuits, bulgur, and pasta production. It also plays a significant role in animal feed and the paper and cardboard industry. This study was conducted on farmland in Karasenir Village, Kozaklı District, Nevşehir Province, during the 2023-2024 growing season to determine the yield and quality characteristics of 18 bread wheat varieties (Lucilla, Massocico, Akça, Midas, Beyazhan, Ayten Abla, Selami Bey, Demirhan, Bayraktar, Balkır, Çavuş, Tosunbey, Kürşad, Mete 06, Eser, Demir, Hamitbey, and Ayaz). The study was designed using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The study examined phenological traits (heading time and vegetation period), agronomic traits (plant height, spike length, number of spikelet's per spike, number of seeds per spike, seed weight per spike, spike weight, thousand seed weight, harvest index, and seed yield per hectare), and quality traits (protein content, wet gluten content, starch content, moisture content, sedimentation rate, and hectoliter weight). The study revealed that bread wheat varieties were significantly/very significantly affected by all the traits studied. In the conducted study, it was determined that the varieties with the highest values were Demir 2000 (87.60 cm) in plant height, Kürşad (12.62 cm) in spike length, Balkır (52.50 units) in number of spikelet's per spike, Kürşad (44.60 units) in number of seeds per spike, Kürşad (1.19 g) in seed weight per spike, Beyazhan and Hamitbey (37.30 g) in thousand-seed weight, Kürşad (314.85 kg da-1) in seed yield per decree, Midas (22.26%) in protein content, Midas (51.00%) in wet gluten content, Lucilla (69.80%) in starch content, Mete 06 (97.90 ml) in sedimentation rate and Demirhan (80.40 kg L-1) in hectoliter weight.