State administration according to Nizamulmulk and Machiavelli

The success of states and societies depends on their approach to governance. It is important that state administrators communicate with citizens, listen to their demands and ensure national-international cooperation. The existence of the state is linked to the form of governance. Machiavelli and Nizamülmülk developed different theories on state administration. While Machiavelli argued that power was at the forefront, Nizam al-Mulk believed that justice and morality were fundamental. The modern state should consider both approaches. Machiavelli worked to ensure the unity of Italy, while Nizamülmülk ruled the Seljuk State and reinforced Turkish unity. Both thinkers have left important traces on governance, merit and statesmanship.