Analysis of the process of preparing and implementing individualized education programs of teachers in special education settings: Action research

The purpose of this study is to examine the process of preparing and implementing individualized education program for students with developmental disabilities by teachers working in a special education application school, to conduct studies on solving the problems encountered during this process, and to ensure their professional development. The research was conducted as action research due to the cyclical implementation of improvement and professional development activities in the classroom with the participation of researchers and teachers. Data were collected through observations, interviews, documents review, products and researcher diaries. The process was analyzed at the micro and macro levels using a systematic analytical approach. Prior to implementation, problems were identified in teamwork, family participation, determining performance levels and goals, and systematic instruction. During the implementation, a professional development program was designed, presented, and implemented for the following stages; (a) meetings, (b) performance levels and goals, (c) determining special education and support services, and (d) implementing the program. Additionally, an evaluation kit was prepared to develop solutions for the challenges encountered during the process, the school's physical conditions were improved, and efforts were made to support family participation. Following the implementation, changes were observed in teachers' practices.