Evaluation of the effect of surface properties, and physico chemical parameters on the dyeability of cotton fibers with roselle (hibiskussabdariffa) plant extract

The fabric production and coloring history dates back to approximately 5000 years ago. Throughout history, the purpose of coloring fabrics has not only been aesthetic, but also an expression of social status or class. Natural dyes obtained from the roots, leaves or flowers of some insects and plants have been used for thousands of years to dye clothes, other textile fabrics and leather. However, since natural dyes have difficulty adhering to the surfaces of materials such as wool, cotton and leather and being permanent, their colors fade over time due to washing and usage conditions. Within the scope of this thesis, the effects of physicochemical variables such as surface modification, ionic strength, temperature and pH on the fastness of dyeings made by mordanting and surface modification using the extract of Roselle (kerkede) (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) plant flowers as a natural pigment were investigated. In this context, the surface of cotton yarns and fabrics was made cationic by polyamine modification as an alternative to mordanting chemicals and also, the surfaces of cotton fibers were modified with 1,4-butane sultone to enable natural pigments to be covalently bound to the cellulose surface like reactive dyes. Although different colors were formed in the dyeings made with different mordanting chemicals, fixed, bright and high-fastness dyeings were obtained in the dyeings made after surface modifications made with polyamine and 1,4- butane sultone.