The use of bio oil obtained by rice husk pyrolyzing in rubber dough mixture

With each passing day, as technology and industry continue to develop around the world, alternative energy sources and alternative raw materials are being researched instead of fossil fuels and raw materials obtained from them, in response to the increasing need for energy and raw materials. One of these alternative sources is biomass. Solid (char), liquid (biooil) and gas (biogas) products are obtained by passing biomass through various thermochemical processes. One of the most important materials in the polymer sector, which is one of the sectors that continue its development in the world, is elastomers, namely rubbers. During the production stage, vulcanizable rubber dough mixtures are prepared, which are adjusted according to the desired properties, consisting of rubber and other raw materials and additives. Some raw materials, from some rubber types used in the mixture to resin and fillers, are petroleum derivatives. This shows that the rubber industry is dependent on oil. In this study, the use of bio-oil obtained as a result of the pyrolysis of rice husk, which is used as a biomass source, in rubber paste mixtures used in conveyor belt production, instead of process facilitating oil and binding resin was investigated. The rice husk was subjected to pyrolysis process in a fixed bed pyrolysis device at 500°C in a nitrogen gas atmosphere with a flow rate of 1 L/min. The use of biooil obtained as a result of pyrolysis instead of process facilitating oil and binding resin in the rubber dough mixture used in conveyor belt production was investigated. The obtained bio oil was used instead of resin and aromatic oil at rates of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. New rubber dough mixtures were prepared according to all these determined recipes and rheometer tests were carried out in order to examine the firing times and vulcanization behaviors in the first stage. Afterwards, the tape samples were prepared and cured. The adhesion strengths of these vulcanized tape samples between rubber-fabric and fabric-fabric were tested and compared. In addition, SEM analysis was carried out in order to understand the surface morphologies of the rubber samples with different prescriptions and to observe how the use of biooil in the mixtures affects the appearance and distribution on the surface. As a result of the comparison of the results obtained in this study, the bio-oil obtained as a result of the rice husk pyrolysis instead of the process facilitating oil and binding resin used in the triko dough recipe which ensures the adhesion of the cord fabric that form the carcass structure, which is the main carrier part of the conveyor belt, and the adhesion of the top fabric tissue and the coating rubber to each other it has been foreseen that bio-oil can be used.