Power management strategy of stand-alone microgrid with hydrogen fuel cell and renewable sources

With the distributed generation units increasing, the stability and reliablity of microgrid become an important issue. And the system efficiency, which is related to the power management strategy (PMS), is becoming one of the big challenges. Different generation units have different charateristics. Thus coordination or combination can help each other to reach the highest efficiency of system, such as coordination of the renewable energy resources and energy storage system. Besides, as the development of Hydrogen production and storage technics, the hydrogen fuel cell will also be part of microgrid in the near future. In this thesis, an online Adaptive Model Predictive Control (AMPC) based Power Management Strategy for microgrid with Renewable Energy and Hydrogen Fuel Cell is proposed to increase the energy sources lifetime of microgrid while minimizing hydrogen consumption. Firstly, the simulink model of the studied microgrid is presented, including the solar panel, wind turbine, Proton-exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, battery and electrolyzer. Secondly, The PMS problem is simplified according to the control structure of microgrid system and the MPC cost function of system is built and transferred to standard format of the Quadratic Programming problem to solve. Moreover, adaptive algorithm is used to automatically adjust the weights of different targets according to the states of system. In order to evaluate the performance of proposed PMS, the online classic PMS, Equivalent Consumption Minimum Strategy(ECMS), which is normally applied in Hybrid Electric Vehicles(HEV), is also implemented in the case study. From simulation results for different cases from MATLAB-SimulinkTM, it is shown that proposed PMS has significant effects on controlling State-of-Charge (SoC) of battery and a noticeable improvement on extension of Hydrogen Fuel Cell lifetime and battery charge- sustainability.