Follow up of women with different degrees of glucose intolerance and gestational diabetics

Aims: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the course of gestation and perinatal outcomes of the women with different degrees of glucose intolerance from abnormal glucose challenge test to type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes.Material and Method: Pregnant women with either type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes or with abnormal glucose challenge test but normal OGTT (AGCT Group) applied to Obstetrics Outpatient Clinic of Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Inonu University School of Medicine between January, 2003 and May, 2008 were included into the study. All women, except type 2 diabetics, were performed an oral 50 g glucose challenge (GCT) test at 24-28 weeks of gestation. A 100g OGTT was performed to women with serum glucose concentration higher than 140 mg/dl during GCT. According to these two glucose loading tests two groups were defined. Group 1 (AGCT Group) was consisted of 40 pregnant women with abnormal GCT but normal OGTT and Group 2 (GDM Group) 54 gestational diabetics with two abnormal value during OGTT. Eight pregnant women with type 2 diabetes were served as the Group 3.Results: Women with type 2 diabetes were significantly different than both of the other groups with respect to body mass, body fat mass and insulin dosage administered during the course especially after the 7th month of gestation showing to have more severe diabetes. Women in AGCT and GDM groups were not only similar for the mentioned features formerly but found to have similar glucose intolerance degrees after gestation which was defined with a 75 g OGTT at 6-8th week of postgestational period. These data indicates that women with abnormal glucose challenege test but normal OGTT has to be considered as having as much risk as and followed up as gestational diabetics.