The relationship between prostate tissue growth and fatty acid synthetase (FASN) and glucagon like peptide GLP-1(9-37) (9-36) amid

Aim: The main aim of this study was to investigate the difference between serum fatty acid synthetase (FASN) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and healthy controls. We also aimed to investigate the diagnostic significance of these two parameters in prostate diseases. Material and Method: A total of 60 male patients with lower urinary tract complaints and 28 healthy male subjects were included in our study. According to the biopsy results, patients were divided into two groups prostate cancer (n=30) and BPH (n=30). Samples were taken after at least 8 hours of fasting and FASN, GLP-1 levels were measured by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method. Results: FASN level was 6,71±0,81 ng/mL in the prostate cancer group, 3,84±0,21 ng/mL in the group diagnosed with BPH and 3,57±0,29 ng/mL in the control group. There was no statistical difference between the control and BPH groups in terms of FASN levels (p>0,05). However, FASN levels were significantly higher in the cancer group than in the control and BPH groups (p<0,001). GLP-1 level was found to be 9,69±0,65 pmol/L in the prostate cancer group, 11,40±0,77 pmol/L in the group diagnosed with BPH and 7,03±0,62 pmol/L in the control group. When compared with the control group, GLP-1 levels showed a statistically significant increase in the groups diagnosed with BPH and cancer (p<0,001 and p<0,001, respectively), whereas no significant difference was found between the groups diagnosed with cancer and BPH (p>0,05). When the diagnostic performance results of FASN, GLP-1, free PSA (s-PSA), total PSA (t-PSA), free/total PSA (s/t-PSA), reticulocyte distribution width (RDW-SD), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) parameters were analyzed in our study, the sensitivity of the tests was found as 43, 3%, 17,86%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 86,67%, 80,77%, and 76,6%, respectively, while the specificity was found to be 98,2%, 70,21%, 51,72%, 51,72%, 62,07%, 75,61%, and 70%, respectively. Conclusion: Our results show that FASN and GLP-1 parameters may contribute to diagnostic accuracy in the prostate disease when used together with PSA and its derivatives. In addition, our study is important as it is the first study to examine the relationship between FASN, GLP-1, and PSA and its derivatives in prostate cancer.