Intraverbal antonymy in Turkish proverbs

Language emerges as a fundamental and indispensable element of culture. It continuously produces culture and ensures its continuity by passing this heritage to future generations. Playing a critical role in the structure of society and the formation of national identity, language carries cultural symbols and provides individuals with identity through its words. The vocabulary of a language encompasses not only words but also idiomatic expressions, proverbs, and sayings. Proverbs are among the most significant components of these building blocks. Since the 19th century, the concept of opposition has been studied in the field of linguistics. Researchers have often examined this concept from a semantic perspective. Recently, the concept of opposition has also become a subject of study in the fields of syntax and collocation. The most recent studies in Turkish linguistics were conducted by Talat Dinar and Şerife Sazak. This research is based on Şerife Sazak's Ph.D. thesis titled Syntactic Structures with Contrast Function in Turkish, which includes a classification of intra-word oppositions. The thesis consists of four main sections. The first section provides information about proverbs, Turkish proverbs, and the Dictionary of Turkish Proverbs as the source of this study, discussing the characteristics and historical development of proverbs. The second section explains the scope, terminology, and types of intraverbal antonymy. In the third section, antonyms in the Dictionary of Turkish Proverbs are identified and classified according to types of intraverbal antonymy. The final section interprets the findings numerically and evaluates proverbs having intraverbal antonymy through lexical and syntactic approaches, presenting the proverbs with antonyms in alphabetical order under an index heading. Keywords: Proverb, Turkish Proverbs, Antonymy, Intraverbal Antonymy, Types of Antonymy urulacaktır.