The relation between gpx1 gene polymorphism and ovarian cancer

A common form of cancer and the main cause of death among women is ovarian cancer (OC). Diagnosis in the early stages of the disease is challenging, resulting in a poor prognosis. The risk of ovarian cancer can be increased by both non-modifiable and modifiable factors. Glutathione Peroxidase 1 (GPX1) is a vital enzyme that plays a crucial role as an antioxidant through regulating of reactive oxygen species levels in the cells. The role of GPX1 gene variants in cancer risk is debated. High levels of GPX1 are often present in various types of cancer, but some studies suggest that low levels of circulating GPX1 may increase cancer risk, so GPX1 can act as both a tumor suppressor and promoter. The GPX1 (rs1050450) polymorphism is the most common functional SNP in the human GPX1 gene and is associated with various cancers, including breast, prostate, bladder, lung, leukemia, and colorectal cancers. The aim of this thesis work was to examine how much extent the GPX1 (rs1050450) polymorphism affects the risk of ovarian cancer. There were included two groups, a group of 90 patients with ovarian cancer, and a group of 90 healthy controls. Real-Time PCR was used to genotype both groups, and SPSS was used to analyze the data. According to our result, those with a homozygous CC genotype having a reduced risk (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.304, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.161 - 0.577). Inversely, persons with a TT polymorphism have a higher risk (OR 3.308, 95% CI 1.024 - 10.682). The C allele indicates a substantial relationship to a diminished risk, indicating a potential threefold reduction. However, individuals with the T allele are approximately three times more sensitive to this form of cancer than those without the condition (the odds ratio (OR) of 3.286). The GPX1 gene has a significant P-value of 0.001, suggesting a substantial link between the gene and cancer initiation.