Optimal control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (pmsm) with advanced control strategies

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are a type of synchronous motor that utilizes permanent magnets in the rotor instead of traditional magnetic coils. This design is characterized by high efficiency and stable performance across a wide range of applications. PMSMs are widely employed in industries such as electric vehicles, aircraft, and robotics due to their ability to deliver high torque, high operating efficiency, and high-speed operation under various conditions. These motors are particularly suitable for applications requiring high torque and reliability, especially in systems demanding high propulsion power, such as modern electric vehicles. Consequently, the selection of an appropriate drive system for these motors is of critical importance. In this study, a mathematical model of a PMSM has been developed, and its drive systems have been implemented using the Matlab/Simulink environment. Initially, a Direct Torque Control (DTC) algorithm was designed and implemented to control the PMSM. The DTC algorithm is characterized by its fast dynamic response, as it directly regulates torque and flux without the need for complex transformations. Additionally, a programming interface has been developed using C# programming language to simulate the DTC algorithm. The interface has been programmed using C# to facilitate its application in embedded systems for electric vehicles. Furthermore, a V/f control algorithm has been designed and implemented to regulate the PMSM, with an analysis and comparison of open-loop and closed-loop control strategies. The V/f control has been designed to maintain a constant voltage-to-frequency ratio, ensuring stable motor operation across different speeds and providing a simple and cost-effective approach. Moreover, a Field-Oriented Control (FOC) algorithm has been designed and implemented, incorporating a hybrid control approach that combines Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) techniques and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to enhance motor performance. This approach enables precise control of torque and flux, allowing for high-performance operation under dynamic conditions. A dedicated unit has been developed to calculate motor speed and torque based on the motor's mathematical equations. Additionally, a unit for calculating current and voltage using the Park transformation has been implemented. The control systems and algorithms applied to the motor were thoroughly examined, and the behavior of speed, torque, current, and voltage signals under various operating conditions was analyzed using MATLAB/Simulink. The results obtained from these simulations provide valuable insights into the motor's performance and the effectiveness of the implemented control strategies. In the FOC-based control algorithm, it has been observed that the speed response has been improved, with the speed stabilizing at the desired value within a very short time of 0.15 seconds without overshoot during startup. When analyzing the torque output signal of the DTC, it was noted that the control system accurately tracks the reference signal and reaches the desired value in just 0.01 seconds. The results obtained from the study demonstrated that the DTC system exhibits highly effective dynamic performance and can quickly respond to changes in the torque reference signal. Additionally, a good speed response has been achieved, with a small tracking delay of approximately 0.5 seconds in reaching high speeds. By applying the V/f algorithm, stable speed control has been achieved while maintaining a constant magnetic flux, ensuring high efficiency and reliable performance. Additionally, the algorithm reduced energy losses and improved the system's response to load changes.