The effects of hardaner type, urea usage and conditioning period on the quality properties of particleboard

In this study, the effects of hardener type (ammonium chloride, ammonium sulphate and aluminum sulphate), urea usage (with urea and without urea) and conditioning period (one day and one month) on the quality properties of particleboard were investigated.Better thickness swelling, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, pH value, formaldehyde emission and the surface quality results were obtained from the panels manufactured with ammonium chlorideThe urea usage positively affected the formaldehyde emission whiles no effect on the other properties. Urea usage decreased the formaldehyde emission.Increasing conditioning period from one day to one month positively affected moisture content, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bonding, formaldehyde emission, surface quality and panel temperature.