The relationship of serum omentin-1, chemerin and vaspin with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Introduction and Objective Pancreatic cancer is a chronic disease with high mortality and morbidity. It can progress aggresisively with poor prognosis despite advances in technology and treatments with a multidisciplinary approach. Various risk factors such as age, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, alcohol use, obesity, genetic disease and various molecular pathways have been found to be associated with pancreatic cancer development. Therefore, prevention, rapid diagnosis and management are essential. Omentin-1 is believed to be involved in inflammatory responses and cell differentiation, and it also facilitates the apoptosis of cancer cells. Chemerin, a multifunctional adipokine, plays established roles in glucose homesotasis, inflammation and adipogenesis. Recent literature indicates that chemerin has a significant role in cancer development. Vaspin is also one of the recently discovered adipokines ands ome studies have shown that high serum vaspin levels are associated with the degree of malignancy in patients with endometrial cancer and colorectal cancer. This research study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic evaluation of the relationship between serum omentin-1, chemerin and vaspin levels with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Materials and Methods In this thesis study, 23 patients diagnosed with resectable PDAC, 21 patients diagnosed with metastatic PDAC and 40 healthy volunteers without any additional disease who applied to the outpatient clinic for routine control were included. Serum omentin-1, chemerin, vaspin levels, CA19-9 and CEA levels, were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique in the morning fasting blood samples of healthy volunteers and patient groups. In statistical analyses, p<0.05 was considered significant. Results In this thesis study, it was found that there were significant differences between the patient group and the healthy group in terms of serum omentin-1, chemerin and vaspin levels. The mean omentin-1 level was 123.56±35.77 ng/L in the healthy group and 65.65±10.41 ng/L in the pancreatic cancer group (p:<0,001). Serum omentin-1 levels were markedly decreased in the pancreatic cancer group (p:<0.001). The median serum chemerin level was 447.81(383.92-483.64) ng/L in the healthy group and 1086.61(839.94-1617.74) ng/L in the pancreatic cancer group. Serum chemerin levels were notably elevated in the pancreatic cancer group (p:<0.001). The serum vaspin level was 0.78±0.11 ng/mL in the healthy group and 1.39±0.34 ng/mL in the pancreatic cancer group. Serum vaspin levels were considerably higher in the pancreatic cancer group (p:<0.001). No significant difference was found between the resectable pancreatic cancer group and the metastatic group (p:0,405, p:0,216, p:0,626). Conclusion Decreased serum omentin-1 level and increased chemerin and vaspin levels may play a role in d of diagnostic detection pancreatic cancer and prediction of metastatic status. Serum omentin-1, chemerin and vaspin may provide important diagnostic support in clinical use in predicting PDAC. It was concluded that these markers cannot be used as a diagnostic marker to differantiate resectable pancreatic cancer from metastatic pancreatic cancer.