The life, views of Taqî Ad-Dîn Ibn Taymiyyah about state administration and social structure

Some radical opinion owners emerging in various periods of history have left significant traces at the scene of history during their time and later. One of these figures is Taqī ad-Dīn Ibn Taymiyya. Ibn Taymiyya, who lived between the second half of XIII century and first quarter of XIV century, is an Islamic Scholar, who attracts attention due to his different and radical views in a period when Islamic world was exposed to Mongol attacks from east and Crusaders from west. Ibn Taymiyya asserted that Islam of his time was degenerated and that Muslims should take the Qur'an and the applications of Salaf-i Salihin in order that this degeneration could be eliminated. He stated that the Qur'an and the Hadith based applications would be a solution to these problems. While the views of Ibn Taymiyya on religion, state adminstration and social structure were criticized by some scholars of his time, some others defended them. The understanding that he established its basis have affected people and scholars after him. In the 18th century, Muhammad bin Abd al-Wahhab was also influenced by the ideas of Ibn Taymiyya and succeeded in spreading and establishing them in Saudi Arabia under the name of Wahhabism, based on Taymiyya's understanding. This understanding had significant effects on the state administration and social structure of both Saudi Arabia and some other countries. The dissertation will be conducted using a descriptive method by scanning the life of Ibn Taymiyyah, the important events he experienced and the fatwas he issued, and the sources of Muslim and orientalist researchers. This doctoral dissertation aims to examine Ibn Taymiyya's interpretive framework, which takes the Qur'an and the era of the Salaf al-Sâliḥîn as its model, and to investigate his life and views on state governance and social structures not only within his own historical context but also across the broader historical process.