Orthorectification of historical aerial photographs with different methods and accuracy analysis

Aerial systems, which have an important place in the fields of application of remote sensing science, have been widely used since ancient times and are actively used today along with developing technology. The basic sensor system of this application has been analog aerial cameras.Aerial photographs taken with analog aerial cameras are of great importance with the information they contain according to the shooting time. In this context, in order for these aerial photographs to be orthorectified and made available to users, if it is also assumed that the camera parameter information is missing depending on the time, it must be orthorectified using the correct methods. In this way, it will shed light on many studies to be done and will contribute to the correct analysis of many problems or changes from the past to the present. Due to the fact that the aerial photographs belong to the old years, some parameter information is not known today, and sensitive orientation cannot be performed in the face of this situation. For these reasons, the need to do the orientation of aerial photographs with different methods has emerged.However, in different scenarios, it is necessary to compare the differences between each method by performing orthorectification. In the research study of this context, orthophotos were produced by using 60 aerial photographs taken by HGM in 1973, by using GCPs obtained from stereo images with automatic image matching with PCI Geomatica software, and by orthorectification processes with Agisoft software without including internal orientation elements and the root mean square error values on the axis of the orthophotos were compared and the relative conditions of the methods were evaluated.