The concept to hajj from history to the present: Similarities and differences

From the history of humanity to the present day, the concept of belief has progressed by showing differences. In this study, belief systems are divided into three as polytheistic belief systems, monotheistic belief systems and other belief systems. Under the title of polytheistic belief systems, Sumerians, Akkadians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Ancient Egypt, Hittites, Phrygians, Urartians, Harranians, Ancient Greeks, Ancient Romans, Celts, Scandinavians, Aztecs, Mayans, Incas and Indians. Judaism, Christianity and Islam under the title of monotheistic belief systems. Finally, under the title of other belief systems, the religions of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Shism, Confucianism, Taoism, Shintoism, Tibetan Buddhism (Lamanism), Zoroastrianism and Sabism were examined. In total, the religious rituals of 30 different societies and the concept of pilgrimage were investigated. This study consists of two purposes. The first aim of the study is to determine the similarities and differences of the concept of pilgrimage in belief systems. The second aim is to examine the studies in the national literature in the field of belief systems with a systematic literature review. For these purposes, first of all, the national literature was reviewed and the content analysis of 75 studies in which the concepts of religious rituals, pilgrimage, religious offering and sacrifice were included in the abstract and keywords. Then, these studies were included in the research and subjected to bibliometric analysis. The obtained full texts were transferred to the MAXQDA analysis program and coding was carried out. As a result of the study, while the most similarity was seen in the concept of pilgrimage in belief systems, it was seen that the most different concept was fasting. In addition, as a result of the bibliometric findings, it has been determined that the most thesis of the study type, the maximum year of publication is 2020, Ankara University of the publisher company, the most published journals are "Archivum Anatolicum- Anadolu Arşivleri" ve "Milel ve Nihal İnanç, Kültür ve Mitoloji Araştırmaları Dergi"and the publishing house that publishes the most books is "Kabalcı Press".