Study of İnterleukin-10 promoter region polymorphisms (-1082A/G, -819T/C and -592A/C)in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive destruction of islet >-cells. The MHC accounts for half of the genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus. Although, additional genes may influence the immune process and the progression of beta cell loss. Since interleukin-10 modulates immune and inflammatory responses and has been implicated in many autoimmune diseases, it seemed interesting to examine whether interleukin-10 polymorphisms participate in diabetes predisposition. This study investigated whether interleukin-10 gene promoter region polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to or clinical presentation of type 1 diabetes. The frequency of ?1082A/G, ?819T/C, and ? 592A/C polymorphisms was analyzed in 117 Turkish patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and in 116 healthy control subjects in a case-controlled study. The allelic and genotypic frequencies of the IL-10 gene promoter region polymorphisms were similar in patients with type 1 diabetes and in control subjects. GCC, ATA and ACC haplotypes were assigned with higher frequencies while the other possible haplotypes (ACA and ATC) had lower frequencies (under 1%). The haplotypic frequencies of the IL-10 gene promoter region polymorphisms were similar in patients with type 1 diabetes and in control subjects. However, the frequency of ACA haplotype was increased in patients than healthy control subjects. These results suggest that there is no genetic association between IL-10 promoter polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes mellitus either age at onset or clinical heterogeneity in the Turkish population. However, ACA haplotype can be considered as a risk faktor for susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus. Key Words: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Interleukin-10, Gene Polymorphism