The effect of the total knee replacement surgery preadmission program on the pain, functional status and quality of life

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of total knee replecament surgery preadmission program interventions based on Roy Adaptatiton Model on pain, functional status and quality of life. Method: The study was conducted in two stages included quasi-experimental and descriptive qualitative methods. The study was carried out with 83 patients, intervention (n=40) and control (n=43). Data were collected from the patients by face-to-face interview using The Patient Form, the WOMAC Index and Quality of Life Scale, before the surgery preadmission program, at the sixth week and third month after discharge. Data were analyzed with, χ2, t test, variance, repeated measures analysis of variance. In the second stage of the research; descriptive qualitative design was used and the sample was composed of patients (n = 11) who applied preadmission program. Data was collected using in-depth interview and semi-structured interview form. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis. Findings: At quasi-experimental, there was a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of pain, functional status, physical function, physical role, pain, social function, mental role, mental score means (p<0.05); there was no statistically difference with general health, vitality, and physical score means (p>0.05). At qualitative research, the opinions of the patients who applied the total knee replacement surgery preadmission program consisted of five themes as "realistic knowledge prepared for surgery and satisfaction ","self-sufficiency development", "benefits of visual education", "overcome the fear of surgery" and "satisfaction with interaction with researcher". Conclusion: At research, patients' adaptive and non-adaptive behaviors was explored in adaptation modes of Roy Adaptation Model. It is seen that the preadmission program positive effect on pain, physical function and quality of life of the individuals and supports the adaptation in terms of physical, self-respect, mutual commitment and role function of the model. For this reason, it is thought that the preadmission program for surgery can be used as an alternative method for the preparation of the patients to the surgery and postoperative period.