Prediction of transformer faults using transients signal analysis

The transformer has an important role in the transmission and distribution network of electrical energy. Having static equipment and robust construction, the transformer normally works stably and reliably in the network for a long time. Transformer faults can withstand many abuses and lack of maintenance, if the fault in the transformer causes the transformer windings to not perform their functions, the result can lead to the cessation of normal life and industrial activities. Therefore, the protection of transformers becomes important. In this study, information is given about the general values of the transformer from its calculation values to its accessories. The application methods and test results of transformer tests, which determine the quality of transformers and give information about the general health of the transformer in operation are examined. Before transformers fail, information is given about transient signal processing techniques and how to detect faults in transformers beforehand. The algorithm that enables the transformer, which is exposed to extreme temperatures and to be taken out of the circuit without failing, with signal monitoring techniques are specified. An algorithm has been written that guides the deactivation and control of the transformer, which causes excessive vibration for any reason, by monitoring the vibration signals, to avoid a failure. Information was given about the waveshapes of the impulse voltages that occur during natural events or switching, and the impulse voltages were examined, the breakdown events of the resulting impulse voltages were also examined. The simulation of a 1000 kVA distribution type transformer was prepared in the EMTP-ATP program and lightning response is obtained. Then the two windings of this transformer were short-circuited and a lightning pulse was applied again and the rupture event was observed. By looking at the electrical part of the faulty transformer, information is given about how to understand the causes of transformer failure. At the end of the study, Full Wave Lightning Impact Test was applied to a 1000 kVA 33-0.4 kV Dyn11 Copper-wound transformer in accordance with IEC 60076 standard by using a Lightning Pulse Voltage Generator in a Transformer Faraday Cage and Lightning Impact Test Laboratory located in Malatya city. The lightning impulse signals and graphics formed as a result of the test were examined. Keywords: Transformer, Transient Regime, EMTP-ATP, Fault Predictio