Modeling of Turkey regional power system, load flow analysis and optimization

Power systems are in very complex structure from production to consumption phases. The continuous, reliable, high quality and economical delivery of electrical energy to the consumer depends on ensuring an uninterrupted and optimized energy flow during the production / transmission / distribution phases. Designing, controlling and managing such complex energy networks requires very difficult and costly operations. Moreover, the probability of an error in these systems is very likely to cause irreversible damage. However, the modelling, simulation and analysis of such systems in a virtual environment provides the opportunity to experiment with unlimited freedom and to produce results closest to the real solution. In this thesis, some regional power systems of Turkey and some critical areas in terms of renewable energy in Turkey were modelled in a virtual environment, simulation conducted and the results were analyzed. In addition, load flow optimization has been made for the continuity of the energy flow in these regions and suggestions have been presented. Providing the proper load exchange between generators and busbars by keeping equipments, used in power systems, within the desired operating limits, is defined as OPF (Optimum Power Flow). In this thesis, analyzes such as load flow, short circuit and protection coordination were carried out in detail in the virtual model of the related regions. In addition, optimizations of load flow / protection coordination were carried on by using the modified optimization algorithms and newly proposed cost functions in this thesis. The proposed optimization algorithms are applied on IEEE test systems and compared with other optimization algorithms in the literature and the effectiveness of the proposed methods are discussed. In addition, for some regions that are critical in terms of renewable energy generation, a renewable power plant model has been proposed or a virtual model of existing renewable power plants has been obtained, these models have been simulated, the results have been analyzed and the effects on the regional power system have been examined. Consequently, this dissertation aims to contribute an effective OPF and protection coordination at Turkey's power grid and the widespread use of renewable energy sources.