Main determinants of employment in Turkey: 1998-2022 period

In the study, which is conducted to reveal the relationship between economic crisis, employment, unemployment and economic growth in Turkey, firstly the economic crisis, employment and unemployment issues were discussed conceptually. Then respectively, the scope of economic crises, their causes, types, crisis models, types of employment, variables affecting employment and the effects of the crisis on employment, types of unemployment and unemployment theories are explained. Economic crises have affected not only the Turkish economy but also the world economy. The primary reflection of the world economic crisis on Turkey is that Turkey is experiencing difficulties in growth and financing. As a result of these difficulties the economy was negatively affected. Later in the study the 2001 crisis was discussed in detail. The emergence process of the crisis, its causes, effects and effects on employment rates are included. The causes effects and development of the 2008 global crisis which started in the US housing market in mid-2007 and affected almost all countries over time were discussed. In addition, the fiscal, employment and monetary policies implemented are also included. In addition, the measures taken for the crisis in Turkey and the role of the state in preventing economic crises were also examined. The reflections of the unemployment problem in the world and especially in Turkey are examined in the study. In this context, Toda-Yamamoto Causality Analysis and Spearman Correlation Analysis are utilised to determine the determinants of unemployment through annual macroeconomic data for the period 1998-2022. Unemployment rate is included as the dependent variable, while real GDP, real foreign trade volume, active population, and industrial production index are included as independent variables in the model. According to the results obtained, there is a bidirectional relationship between the unemployment rate and real GDP, real foreign trade volume, active population, and industrial production index; there is a positive and significant relationship between the 2008 crisis and the unemployment rate, but it is found that the 2001 crisis had no statistically significant effect on unemployment.