Work permits for foreigners within the framework of international labor law

In today's world, no state has a workforce composed solely of its own citizens, and Turkey is no exception. Foreign employment occurs in many sectors, with the employment status of foreigners varying based on individual characteristics. Proper classification of foreign workers is crucial for regulation and supervision. To prevent conceptual confusion, our study explains national and international definitions in this field. Based on the International Labor Law and its Implementing Regulation, work permits and exemptions are examined, covering the application process, rejection, types, validity, and cancellation. The discretionary power of the administration and the appeal process for rejected applications are also discussed. The study further addresses the obligations of employers hiring foreign workers and the authorities responsible for their supervision. In line with international labor policy, the Turquoise Card system, which aims to attract a skilled workforce, is analyzed. Exceptional cases for work permits, employment of foreigners under international protection, and those working in free zones are also included. Additionally, the employment conditions and limitations for foreign students, engineers, and architects in Turkey are evaluated. The study particularly focuses on the regulation enacted on 02.02.2022 and its implementation, which adds to its uniqueness. It relies on national and international legislation, academic studies, institutional reports, and precedent court decisions. Ultimately, a comprehensive evaluation of foreign employment in Turkey is provided.