Investigation of the relationship between ecophysiography and urbanization using remote sensing and geographical information technologies case study: Teki̇rdağ

In this doctoral thesis study, it is aimed to investigate the relationship between ecophysiography and urbanization by using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems Technologies. Tekirdağ province was chosen as the research area. The relationship between urbanization and ecophysiography between 1990 and 2020 was analyzed with the obtained data sets. In the study, data from Landsat satellite images, climate data, digital elevation model, geology and soil maps of the research area were used. Unsupervised classification method was used to create land use/land cover (LULC) maps, and inverse distance weighting interpolation method was used for maps of climate parameters. The data of geology and soil maps obtained digitally were processed in GIS and maps of great soil groups and land use capability classes were obtained. By overlapping the "settlement and industrial area classes" in the land use/land cover map with the "maps belonging to ecophysiographic properties", changes over the years were determined for each parameter. According to the data obtained as a result of the study, in Tekirdağ province, where urbanization is actively observed, temperatures are increasing and evaporation, precipitation and humidity amounts are decreasing. Most of the urban areas are built on arable lands and clastic lithologies. An intensive construction was observed on non-calcareous brown soils, and it was determined that urbanization developed in areas with low slope and elevation and towards the south and west of the lands. According to the data obtained at the end of the study, it was observed that there was a directly proportional increase between urbanization and temperature. Average temperatures increased from 13 oC to 13.38 oC during this period. Although the amount of precipitation and evaporation and relative humidity values varied from year to year, they decreased at the end of the 30-year period. In the research area, 85% of the urban areas are in the I, II and III lands, which are suitable for agriculture. 65% of urban areas in 1990 and 69% in 2020 were built on lithological conglomerate, sandstone and mudstone lithologies. As a great soil group, it has been determined that dense construction has developed on non-calcarious brown soils. When evaluated topographically, it was determined that urbanization in the study area developed in areas with low slope and elevation and towards the south and west directions of the lands. It is hoped that this study will provide important scientific information on urban- ecophysiography issues and serve as a guide for researchers on the subject