Evaluation of outdoor thermal comfort conditions in semi-open spaces: The example of Balıkesir Esas10burda Shopping Mall

Urbanization and climate change negatively impact the thermal comfort of open and semi-open public spaces. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the thermal comfort conditions of open and semi-open spaces in public areas such as shopping malls (AVMs). Through field measurements and surveys conducted at Esas10 Shopping Mall, located in the Altıeylül district of Balıkesir, this research analyzes users' actual perceptions of thermal comfort in these spaces. As part of the study, field measurements and survey studies were carried out at Esas10 Shopping Mall during October, November, and December of 2023. Climatic parameters were measured using a Testo 480 device, and the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) index was calculated using the RayMan Pro software to analyze outdoor thermal comfort conditions. The research findings reveal that thermal comfort conditions in semi-open spaces vary over time. Additionally, it has been determined that users' thermal comfort perceptions are influenced by microclimatic factors. This study underscores the importance of considering climatic parameters and user characteristics in the design of open and semi-open public spaces. Given that rising urban temperatures reduce thermal comfort in these spaces and contribute to health problems, it is crucial to adopt climate-sensitive approaches in the design process. While people spend significant time indoors, the physical and psychological benefits of being in outdoor spaces should not be overlooked. Therefore, urban design strategies should prioritize user comfort and optimize climatic conditions.