An architectural analysis of the centers required for the social and cultural activities which can be develop in new settlements

Social, cultural, economic processes affect social structure as a result of their change through transformation. The development of the world economic system has been a significant factor the structural and social change in the cities. A characteristic element which underlies social structure is technology. Technology was born human - nature relations and it has shaped the human - human relations. The process of social change varies in developed and developing countries. Industrialization and technological advance in the 19th century created a new labor force and a working class performing under severe conditions, in the developed countries. Consequently, large numbers of population migrated from the rural areas to the cities. The migrating population failed to have all the required qualifications, and they formed into groups varying in their beliefs, customs, educations, values, manners, social behavior which led to spatially and socially unhealthy cities an societies. Integration of developing countries into the world economic system dates back to 17th and 18th centuries, when commercial relations began to intensify. During this time period, commercial transactions came under the control of foreigners where as the lower - income groups, which can be defined as "socio - economically distinct" made up the "local people". Those members of the urban population that achieved integration into the global economic system in the developing countries benefited from this in the social and economic fields, actually taking part in the economic process.vuı In this way, the distinction between life styles and incomes of those who benefit from transformations and who don't, in developing countries has sharpened and become more tangible. Turkey, like other developing countries, has gone through similar processes. The most intense immigration movement took place in the 1960's, creating a new group that had to work hard to adapt to the city life. The economic distinction between these (groups) and the lower income groups was insignificant in the early years where as the post 1980' s inflationary medium created decreasing incomes as opposed to increasing contrast of in comes among different groups. Economic hardships as well as the already existing difficulties due to their traditions, customs, habits and life styles is the main obstacle before these people who are trying to adapt to the city life. This situation holds elements of threat to the social structure. İzmir became a commercial center and a site of settlement for many foreigners owing to its port and very busy international trade relations dating to 17th century. Subsequently, it was populated by a number of different groups living in the city due to their economic and social needs. It was this time period when members of the lower income groups, which can define as "poor" had become the "local people". The city of İzmir, hosting a diversity of numerous cultural groups, also houses many economic, social and spatial problems. The differentiation in the socio - economic structure has had its effects on space, bringing about the rise of housing areas, with the purpose of settling together families from different cultural and social backgrounds. Individuals that live in areas of appeal for higher - income groups, have in time started to live detached lives due to high population density, insufficient social, cultural and sports events and home - based communication devises of modern technology such as TV and the P.C. People living under the same building do not even know each other as both man and women being well educated individual, go to work. The social detachment which has been increasing more hold in the society day by day, brings along psychological problems.IX Meanwhile the solidarity among poor groups is weakling where as working conditions with poor social security and low levels of education make adaptation to the city conditions more difficult, limiting people's areas of access to the city. These groups are isolated from the economic and social life of the city. They can not perform a healthy, physical and psychological development when living under the harsh urban conditions. Consequently the area houses numerous social, economic, and cultural problems. The surveys have proved there is increasing tendency in the developed countries towards "community centers" which play a role in healthy physical and psychological development of individuals. We find that there is a lack of centers in our country, which can help improve social interactions among members of the community with a non discriminating approach to race, religion, language, sex and social class. Our study over the issue aims at forming the design criteria for establishing community centers and preparing a program shame by determining the values congruent with the social life, habits, culture and economic status of Turkish people.