Citation by hearing in grammar according to al-Zamakhshari

This research studies the citation by hearing in regard to proving grammatical rules according to the renowned Arabic language scholar, Jarullah Al-Zamakhshari. The citation involves two aspects, theoretical, which is The Book of Al-Mufassal, and practical, which is the Book of Alkashaf. The research comprises an introduction, three chapters, and a conclusion. Initially, Al-Zamakhshari studied the citation of the readings but challenged it, because he did not see it as a followed Sunnah. Moreover, the criterion for these readings to be approved is eloquence, agreement with the analogy, and extensive use. Al-Zanakhshari, then, studied Hadith, and its citations were actually acknowledged although they were few. After that, he studied Arabic rhetoric particularly prose and poetry, as a result, he was excessively using prose by quoting Arabic sayings and proverbs. As for poetry, it stipulated that it is permissible to cite the poetry of the Mawlidian but restricted it to the imams of the language and its narrators. He also cited unanimous poetry, although he indicated that it was forbidden to be cited. Besides, he denied the citation of affectation poetry, but he cited poetry which was said to be affectation. He also cited multiple sourced poetry. As for the poets who he cited, he did not adhere to the tribes that Abu Hayyan reported on the authority of Al-Farabi. Rather, Al-Zamakhshari cited those who mingled with the Persians and used to speak Persian and the tribes that used to live on the borders of foreign countries. The variations of Arabic are all acknowledged by al-Zamakhshari, but they are not of the same degree in eloquence. Finally, the researcher recommends not to credit the theoretical statements and the need to consider them and the extent to which they agree with the practical reality of the grammarians.