22
Archived Theses
0
DOIs Assigned
0%
DOI Rate
Discipline
Mogan Gölü (Ankara) su seviyesinin CBS ve regresyon analiziyle modellenmesi
There are several global and local analysis methods applied to manage lake water and its environs. The main purpose of these studies is to determine convection capacity of lakes and to calculate water levels? proximity to convection capacity annually to see how it can approach or deviate. In this study, the purpose was to calculate possible changes in the water level with statistical model by using data taken from the Mogan Lake and to perform analysis for the data by Geographical Information Systems (GIS) methods.In this study, volume values of the Mogan Lake were calculated for the period of 2000-2010; and its 3D map was prepared by means of the GIS. In addition to the volume calculation, its water capacity for each elevation level was calculated to investigate the capacity of each elevation level in case of possible increase in the water level. Monthly changes in the water volume were modeled meteorological independent variables and regression analysis based on data generated from the organized maps to reveal the actual relationship among the parameters.As a result of analysis, it was observed that the monthly change in the water level can be explained by following variables: number of windy days, pressure, humidity, temperature values and precipitation amounts. All independent variables were found significant on the 0.10 level. Through the regression analysis, variance of the monthly change in the water level can be explained by 56%. Of the variables, while amount of precipitation has positive effect the water level, other variables have negative effect on it.Keywords: GIS, regression analysis, Mogan Lake, meteorological data, water level changes, basin management.
Intelligent geographical information system for criminology
Many researchers have worked on understanding crime occurrences as crime prevention studies. The best practice for crime prevention is to investigate the cause of crime and to prevent it before it occurs again. Correspondingly, it can be said that crime occurrences are not distributed randomly in space and also they can be affected by various factors. Thus, if factors affecting the crime occurrences are identified, a spatial decision support system could developed for decision makers in Police Departments to make high accuracy crime prevention studies. This research aims predicting the potential risk areas of singular criminal activities before they occur according to examine the factors affecting Theft occurrences. The research was performed on two different scale, regional and local scales, to determine which scale is suitable for predicting potential locations of future Theft incidents with various data from a wide range of data sources. Geographically weighted regression method was used to determine factors affecting Theft incidents. Despite crime can be described better at regional scale, security units which take measures of prevention activities has responsibility areas limited by neighborhood borders. Therefore, spatial prediction was performed at local scale. Prediction was carried out in two different output set by using artificial neural networks and geographical information systems together to make spatial decision support system. One of them was estimating the actual number of Theft incidents. The other one was estimating whether a Theft committed in that location or not. Input variables which obtained from geographically weighted regression results were used in the structure of artificial neural networks. At the end of the process, predicted Theft incidents were explained target values with the accuracy of 32.6 percent better than regression methods. As a result, prediction algorithm was performed 91 percent successfully while predicting whether a Theft committed in that location or not.
Preparation of a gis based emission inventory of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) in Turkey
The main source of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) is the terrestrial vegetation. Plants synthesize BVOCs in substantial amounts during respiration and photosynthesis and emit to the atmosphere. BVOCs emitted from plants play a significant role in the photochemical processes and contribute to tropospheric ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sunlight. As a result of these photochemical reactions, BVOCs indirectly deteriorate air quality and affect human health. The main aim of this study is to inventory BVOC emissions in Turkey. In recent studies, emission rates of isoprene, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and oxygenated VOCs from thirty one commonly grown tree species and seven endemic tree species in the forested areas of Turkey were determined using a dynamic-enclosure sampling method in the field followed by thermal desorption (TD) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis in the laboratory. Using specific emission rates of tree species obtained from these previous studies, a spatially and temporally resolved national emission inventory of BVOC emissions in the forested areas of Turkey was prepared within the scope of this study. Emissions were distributed to a forested area of about twenty two million ha including coniferous and broadleaved species. This study provides the first detailed spatially high resolution based BVOC emissions inventory in Turkey. The inventory will serve as a database for further modeling studies.
The use of spatial statistics for analyzing health and demographic data in Tanzania
In most of African countries, the demographic Health data is obtained by conducting surveys. The interviewers and field facilitators are always responsible for collecting data at field level. The papers work (questionnaires) or Person Digital Assistant (PDA) are always used as a tools during the data collection stage. After that, the data is submitted to the cleaning department before the analysis performed. Generally, different organizations have different ways of cleaning and organizing their data. In this research, the data used was officially obtained from The Demographic and Health Surveys Program of ICF International in Rockville (USA) and National institute for Medical Research (Tanzania). The GIS software (Arc GIS 10.2 and Map Info Version 11.5) were used to analyze and visualize a spatial pattern relationship and autocorrelation between the data. Among of the statistical methods for analyzing spatial Demographic Health Survey Data (DHSD), is the use of the GIS spatial statistics tools. In this tools, the data can be captured and processed so as to visualize their distribution pattern and its spatial autocorrelation. These tools include, the high or low clustering (Getis-Ord General G), cluster and outlier analysis, spatial autocorrelation (Moran I) and Hot Spots analysis. Before running these tools, the data should be cleaned and projected into an appropriate coordinate system. These data were extracted based on questions froma research questionnaire. MapInfo version 11.5 was used as a tool toextract these data by using query commands and recorded on a Microsoft excel spread sheet. The sheet will be attached at the end of this research for reference purpose. The spatial and cartographic capabilities of the Arc GIS helped in generating different maps which used as the basis of the discussion in the analysis stage. Since the research is based on analysis of Health data, only malaria, anemia and HIV/AIDS diseases were detailed analyzed and other data were also analyzed so as to build additional recommendation based on findings.
Measuring the variation in urban accessibility levels at the neighbourhood level in Izmir, Turkey using GIS
Urban areas have been studied for decades to cluster sectors or parts of the urban structure into distinguishable social areas. These studies have focused on the use of socio-economic data for conclusions in urban studies especially in comparative urban research. This study seeks to bridge the gap between the socio-economic characteristics and the spatial organization components of urban residential neighborhoods. The main aim of the study is to explore whether differences exist in the accessibility within residential neighborhoods in İzmir with prior emphasis on the socio-economic dynamism of the city's residential neighborhoods. Hierarchical cluster analysis is used to group the 340 neighborhoods in İzmir, Turkey, into eleven distinguishable and homogenous groups in terms of social and economic indicators. A simple random sampling is conducted to select a neighborhood from each of the eleven groups. The randomly selected eleven neighborhoods are Yildiz, Onur, Camlikoyu, Ugur, Altinordu, Ataturk (Narlidere), Namazgah, Bahcelerarasi, Dokuz Eylul, Ataturk (Cigli), and Yenigun. Centrality based accessibility indexes were used to measure the levels of accessibility in selected representative neighborhoods in İzmir, Turkey. Reach centrality, gravity centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality and straightness centrality indexes were determined for each building in the residential neighborhoods. The indices were calculated for each building in each neighborhood based on a 600-meter radius on the street network using network centrality tools developed by MIT's City Form Research Group. Hypotheses were formulated to measure the variations in neighborhoods accessibility using the centrality indices identified for the study. A One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to ascertain the differences or otherwise of the selected neighborhoods. The results of ANOVA for the indexes showed that all the neighborhoods have variations in terms of accessibility measured from the street networks and location of buildings for the neighborhoods. The results are statistically significant at alpha equal to 0.05. It is observed that the accessibility levels at the neighborhoods level varies with the social and economic characteristics. The findings provide grounds for concluding that, a combination of the socio-economic factors and the spatial organization provide a good alternative for the comparative studies of the structure of urban neighborhoods.
Investigating added value of improved DEM, river geometry and model parameter definitions on flood inundation mapping
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) constitutes an essential topographic dataset, which have been used to derive hydrological features forming inputs to various models. Elevation datasets are available from several major sources (remote sensing and land survey based techniques) and at different spatial resolutions. In particular, the resolution of DEM plays an important role in securing the expected accuracy of flood plain inundation maps as one of the major determinants. In general, most of floodplain inundation maps are created using high resolution topographic datasets such as the DEMs derived from Light Detection and Ranging data. Although these datasets provide high accuracy (≈ 1.5 m grid size), they are relatively more expensive and not fully available in Turkey covering greater areas. Therefore, coarser topographic datasets with less accuracy are used to create the floodplain inundation maps. This study applied a methodology framework in order to determine and quantify the "loss of attribute" issue when reducing the resolution of DEM as well as to understand the impact of changing DEM resolution on the floodplain hydraulic model outputs. In the study, HEC-RAS was used for the Iyidere Basin and the results clearly indicated that varying the resolution of DEMs would make significant impacts on both the depth and the extent characteristics observed in the corresponding floodplain for the river. Keywords: Floodplain modeling, HEC-RAS, DEM resolution, iyidere River
Examining the site selection of wind power plants in Turkey in time: A GIS/spatial statistics-based approach
Energy requirement became one of the basic needs with machinery in agriculture and industralization. Energy had mainly supplied by fossil fuels until the reserves are reduced. Most countries are focused on renewable energy sources. Recently in Turkey and all over the world, wind energy utilization and technology is one of the blooming renewable energy source. Turkey has great potential because of wind speed and geography. Turkey hasn't achieved to use this potential comparing with developed countries, nevertheless there is significant progress, due to production licenses authorized by the Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EMRA). In this study, analysis and maps are created using geographic information system methods and various spatial analysis are made using spatial statistical methods with wind power plants turbine information is received from the Energy Market Regulatory Authority website. Wind power plants site selections are determined in which wind speed range with maps of wind speed is received from Renewable Energy General Directorate and Turkish State Meteorological Service. This study aims at showing how wind power plants that are installed and have production licenses between the years 1998-2014 site selections is changed according to years, identifying how wind speed are affected site selections and which regions these plants are accumulated. Also, this study is to demonstrate the progress that the energy sector in Turkey displayed, to determine future policies concerning the portion of power generated through renewable resources and to signify the role of windmills amongst renewable energy policies and development plans.
Assessment of the probable effects of planned investments in urban renewal areas on urban form using gravity model and GIS: The case of Izmir
The concept of urban renewal, especially in metropolitan cities, including both the built and the natural environment, describes a process that affects the city macro form and changes in terms of global, economic, political and social aspect. A case of renewal, for it contains the changes that occur in the process, all aspects of the city to recognize and understand the city's development brings with it. In this thesis, there are 11 regions that are defined as "Rehabilitation-Renewal Program Areas" in the metropolitan city, according to the 1/25000 scale Izmir Urban Regional Master Plan (IKBNIP) prepared by Izmir Metropolitan Municipality. Comparing the results in the case of implementation of planned investments with plan decisions that affect the resident population settle in "disadvantaged" parts of the city from social and economic aspects, besides the limited opportunities for physical environment, and the results in the current situation of these program areas is the main crucial goal of the study. Additionally, evaluating the size of the physical and planning is another goal of the thesis. According to these goals, the Lowry - Garin model and Hansen model will be used as quantitative methods. These models have taken place as a tool in line with the concept of the city dealing with economic and geographic dimensions of interaction and decision-support processes. The distribution of the population, basic and service employment will be determined spatially between residence areas and work zones. The spatial analysis will be converted to the thematic maps, using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) softwares.
Web GIS based infrastructure information system development
Definitely, universities are the institutions where information flow and share occurs at highest levels. Information related with new buildings and units which are constructed regarded with developments and needs of university are in continuous change. Evaluation, updating and acquiring information from those data is inevitable for institutions development. Therefore formation of systems based on information technologies is very important for universities to serve in modern administration point of view.As a reflection of transition period of information age; using information technologies for administration of spatial information came into prominence like Geographical information systems. Internet which is the most effective global mass medium brought a new dimension to usage style of spatial information of organizations and mapping applications began to be active on web.Computer medium is widespread preferred for getting faster information flow in rapid developing world. One part of this preference is performed by Geographical information systems (GIS). GIS is the whole of hardware and software system which have got many features like presenting data, developing models, analyzing, changing, correcting, managing, storing and gathering spatial data in the real world.GIS based Software has been developed in order that Geographical Information System enables spatial analysis and interrogation. Also, an internet based system in which foreign people can obtain spatial and visual information about campus and departments has been created. Users can reach the information about campus not with any GIS software but with internet scanner. It is aimed that more users can reach the information after study is transferred to the internet.
Kentsel mekansal özelliklerin taşınmaz değerlemede kullanımı: CBS temelli bir model geliştirme önerisi
Thanks to technological developments in the field of GIS, it is possible to measure the quality of street networks. Given that, this study aims to create a model which examines the influence of urban qualities within the neighbourhood unit on housing prices. Since this study is limited to housing values, potential factors that affect housing value is discussed under two main headings: neighbourhood and building characteristics. The dataset was obtained by filtering the data from 151 valuation reports prepared by licensed appraisers. These are the reports of the residences for which an appraisal report has been prepared in the city of Izmir, Buca, in 2020. With the data obtained, a series of regression models were run via SPSS software. First, the influence of the building characteristics were tested, and the results showed that type (residence or not), size, presence of elevator, building quality, presence of parking lot, number of rooms were the significant factors on house values. Next, a reduced model is formed by eliminating the insignificant building characteristics and adding the neighbourhood characteristics to this reduced model to test the influence of neighbourhood characteristics on house values; after accounting for the important building characteristics. Results revealed that distances to the hospitals, green areas, global restaurants, shopping centers, university, and density of the groceries within the 400-meter buffer zone of housing were significant on estimating the value of housing. This study provides empirical evidence that data on neighbourhood characteristics leads better predictions of house values when it is not possible to collect a detailed data on building characteristics. The most important result of the study is that the housing value will be predictable with less detailed data.
Eğitim sektöründe coğrafi bilgi sistemlerinin karar destek sistemi olarak kullanımı
Technological developments take place in all areas of life. Especially in this time called the digital age, there is a digital transformation. The impact of this transformation on education will be inevitable. Thematic maps will be created using the GIS system of this digital transformation experienced with this study, and these maps will help decision-makers in the decision-making process. In this context, the digital transformation processes of MEB and YÖK institutions in the field of education will be discussed and thematic maps will be produced in line with the data received from the institutions.
Teos Antik Kenti'nde doğal tehlike riskinin uzaktan algılama ve CBS kullanılarak izlenmesi ve araştırılması
Both natural and human-induced risks have posed a threat to residential areas and important artifacts from past to present. Since cultural heritages are structures coming from the past, they are more vulnerable to several threats. This research work was conducted to define natural and anthropogenic hazard risk factors which possibly can affect the integrity and the permanence of Teos Ancient City and to find solutions for these risk factors. High resolution satellite images taken in different years were utilized in order to effectively carry out the research work based on revealing the changes in urban sprawl and transportation route lengths from past to present in Teos. Soil erosion risk and coastal flood risk analyzes were conducted with the created Digital Elevation Model. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) flights were carried out to observe the most up-to-date status of the ruins in Teos. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used to identify the risk factors of highest importance. After the realization of the AHP analysis, The most important among the risk factors for Teos were determined as urban sprawl, proximity to transportation routes and earthquake. In conclusion, some important risks in Teos were determined, thus it was observed that regulations and control mechanisms have to be reviewed more frequently.
Dolgu barajlar örneğinde baraj yikilmasina bağli taşkin tehlike haritalarinin CBS ve matematik modeller üzerinden oluşturulmasi ve değerlendirilmesi
Dam hazard analysis is a key component of dam failure mitigation and disaster post-management. Many dams have either no hydro-meteorological data available or very little associated only with the hydraulic structure's planning phase. These data inadequacy causes major difficulties in performing hazard analyses. In the presented study, a combined hydrologic and hydraulic modeling approach is developed in a novel analytical framework for evaluating dam break issues in cases of ungauged basins. The study is aimed to provide an operational framework that allows engineers and specialists to understand, simulate and then manage the phenomenon of dam failure. The framework consolidates the application of synthetic unit hydrograph concept, hypothetical hyetograph estimation, distributed hydrological modeling, and hydraulic dam break simulation approaches. The study benefits from a dynamically downscaled climate model of 1km resolution to perform extreme precipitation frequency analysis, resulting in grid-based Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curve featured in spatially-distributed design hyetograph generation. The framework also adopted the climate change effects to decrease the uncertainties in both the design and risk assessment phases. An application of the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model is utilized to model the flood wave evolution resulting from varying dam-break events. In this respect, an alternative scenario-based approach is adopted in order to quantify differences in flood depth, velocity and arrival time of flood waves under various dam-break conditions. The simulation shows that both downstream regions are subject to significant potential risks against dam-break with the figure of more than 80% of the inundation area classified as a high-risk zone.
Kentsel alanlarda sosyoekonomik yapı ile kentsel ulaşım ağı verimliliği arasındaki ilişkinin sapak endeksi (circuity derecesi) kullanılarak incelenmesi
Equally distributed, accessible, and available urban public services should be for every individual living in the city. Although urban areas are heterogeneous it does not justify providing services at different levels. This study aimed to reveal the disadvantaged urban areas by determining where the urban public transport network is sufficient/insufficient and to reveal whether relationships exist in the efficiency levels of public transportation and the socioeconomic variables. In this research, circuity degree was used to reveal the efficiency of public transportation systems. The linkage between the efficiency of public transportation systems and the socioeconomic characteristics was investigated in the İzmir metropolitan area and per capita income and population density were used as socioeconomic variables. Analyzes were done with using Geographical Information Systems. Global Moran's I and Anselin Local Moran's I statistics were used to investigate the spatial distribution of the efficiency; to reveal the relationship between efficiency and the socioeconomic variables, bivariate Global Moran's I and bivariate Anselin Local Moran's I were used. The results are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. It is revealed that the socioeconomic characteristics and the efficiency of the public transportation systems are significantly related and differentiated spatially. This study provides a worthy approach in spatially determining the urban public transport efficiency in urban areas and proved that the socioeconomic variables that affected the efficiency levels can be obtained spatially. The methods used in this research are easily applicable and provide results for the improvement of the public transportation network.
Mekansal davranışın gece ve gündüz farklarına odaklanarak sosyal medya, CBS ve mekansal istatistik yöntemleri ile incelenmesi
Nightlife activities of the city indicate a crucial source for urban life. For many years, geographers and urban planners have concerned with studies about human behavior in the city at different hours. In recent years location-based check-in services have allowed seeing users' activity and their locational information. Previous studies examined whether to relate or not spatial behavior and human activity using location-based social media applications. This study fills this gap by using spatial statistical techniques to understand differences in human behavior on different days and at different hours. Foursquare user's check-in data as the main data source was used to understand differences between day and night in the study area. In this study, three different analyses are conducted. The first is Kernel density used to generalize at different hours of weekday and weekend. The second is quadrat analysis for weekdays and weekends and days and nights to understand whether point distributions are significantly different or not. The last analysis is closest facility, which finds the closest path from Foursquare venues to the bus stops and to understand the differences in accessibility on different day and at different hours. In conclusion, the density of the Foursquare venues appears to be higher on weekends. The observed check-in patterns are not statistically different both on weekday days and weekday nights and weekend days and weekend nights. Moreover, the levels of accessibility to public transport do not different on weekdays and weekends.
GSM ve GPS bazlı araç takip ve yönlendirme sisteminin geliştirilmesi
There are a lot of vehicle tracking systems, nowadays. Some of them helps vehicle owners to track their cars on satellite maps that contain street roads, roadway etc. Some of them protect vehicles against thieves, extrem fuel consumption. It is possible to give more examples. Official researches indicate an increasing rate in the essential of GPS tracking systems. But, these systems are not still enough to answer all needs without Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The scope of this thesis is to develop a GSM-GPS and camera-based vehicle tracking-routing system, with the help of GIS due to above cases. In this regard if to need to summarize the thesis; It was examined mounting a camera to vehicle kit for some security reasons and routing of the vehicle. It was investigated how to use vehicle kit with GIS software together via "Map Server" to find solutions about new problems for car owners and fleet managers. Besides all of them, it was designed a vehicle control web pages substantially. Consequently, developing a vehicle tracking-routing system can be considered a faster and safer option for minimizing theft crimes, monitoring vehicles and new problems with GIS techniques.
Bisiklet yollarının coğrafi bilgi sistemleri ile mekansal analizi ve yeterliliklerinin sorgulanması - İzmir örneği
The rapid population growth in cities today leads to an increase in population density. Rapid constuction that results from population density seperates the urban spaces and causes transportation problems. Besides, the increase in the use of motor vehicles causes many environmental problems. Air and noise pollution caused by vehicle traffic affects both human health and urban life negatively. As a healthier, more economical, environmentally and eco friendly mode of transport, cycling is considered to be a mode of transport with many additional benefits. Within the scope of the thesis, the characteristics of the city center of İzmir, urban transportation infrastructure and the existing bicycle routes were examined and the assessments related to the whole urban area was determined. In this study, the amount of existing bicycle paths, the spatial distribution of bicycles network and quality of the existing bicycle paths in the city were determined by means of geographical information system. Then, a spatial-database containing coordinated graphical data was created and spatial-analysis was performed on this database using geographic information systems. The data related to the population, land use and transportation network infrastructure, which constitute the other parameters related to urban space, was added as an object-layer in the spatial-database and the competencies of the city-wide bicycle paths were questioned by overlapping with the object-layer containing the existing bicycle paths. Another aim of the study is to create a base for the planning studies in the city of İzmir and in this field, to be a guide for a more efficient planning process and to raise awareness on this issue.
Spatial information management for health campus: An application
The importance of information has been realized by today?s communities that our time is called the ?information age? and on this issue, countries have engaged in a great race. In this age, information is considered as a source and it might be optimized (Yomralıoğlu, 1994).Use of information technology comes to the fore as a reflection of the transition process on the information age. As in all disciplines, it is also required as well as in the realization of the map-based applications to use information effectively with taking the maximum advantage of information. Particularly, spatial aided graphic and non-graphic information, which is described as mapping information, needs to be integrated within a system.Universities are assumed as the leader institutions that inform the society so today also they must be the institutions that use information most effectively. It is also inevitable for the development of the universities to evaluate and update information and obtain new information with them. So universities are required to establish a system that based on an information technology in order to serve with the understanding of modern management.In this paper, spatial information system?s design and implementation was carried out using Geographic Information Technologies regarding to the case study with emphasizing how such a system?s basic infrastructure should be.With this study, an environment was provided for making graphic and non-graphic questioning about the study area, after an appropriate database structure was created by transferring the basic map layers into the computer. For this purpose, it was used ArcMap and ArcCatalog software, which are technological tools of Geographic Information System, in order to collecting data and processing queries. Thus, with the appropriate software and hardware, required test studies carried out under the project.Keywords: Spatial information system, geographic information systems, campus information system
Assesing the adequecy of urbang green spaces in proposed planning decisions using GIS
In the literature, the adequacy of the urban green spaces have been discussed for a long time. Most of the time, the adequacy of the urban green spaces are tested using per person green areas. Discussing the adequacy of urban green spaces with more parameter is possible, but the adequacy of urban green spaces in proposed planning decisions are evaluated in terms of distribution in this study. The distances from the users are often neglected and accessibility measures are usually based on Euclidean distances. In this study, the distribution of the urban green spaces is measured by using the nearest neighbor distance methods within the framework of point pattern analysis. This measurement is presented in two ways, and two results will be compared. One of the methods is Nearest Neighbor Distance Method which the distance of two points is measured by Euclidean distance and the other method is Network Nearest Neighbor Distance Method which is integrated the real world. This method will be calculated by SANET, the GIS-based tool for spatial analysis along networks. The study is conducted using development plans for Seferihisar, which is a district of Izmir. A total of 11 neighborhoods are present in the Development Plans of Seferihisar and the plan decisions are assessed at the neighborhood level. In this research, the results from the two nearest neighborhood analyses show that, the distribution of proposed urban green spaces are not uniform or dispersed, which would be the ideal distribution over the cityscape. This finding is valid for both the nearest neighborhood analysis based on Euclidean distances and the nearest neighborhood analysis based on network distances. Consequently, that can be accepted as a failure in planning decisions. In this case, it is revealed that the urban green spaces are planned independently from each other.
Comparison of advanced classification techniques in remote sensing
Studies on remote sensing have become inescapable for almost all disciplines along with the advances in aviation and space technologies. Such as defence, city planning, forest services, naval surveys, mining etc many disciplines use remote sensing technique. One of the parameters that makes this discipline important is classification studies. This parameter is divided into two: supervised and unsupervised. Multi and hyper spectral images are processed mathematically in this parameter and they help us become informed regarding land cover. Basic definitions used in remote sensing are discussed in the first section of this study presented. The mathematical analysis of the support vector machines, artificial neural networks and decision trees, which are also known as further classification algorithms, are included in the second section. Urla semi-island, Izmir, Turkey has been classified by using LANDSAT 8 images by the help of these algorithms in the third and the final section of this study. Classification findings have been taken into verification testing by means of confusion matrix which is formed under favor of the spectral reflection values of the training classes. Besides, which algorithm has an impact on what kind of classes has been determined by the help of confusion matrix.
Investigation of Kucuk Menderes delta's shoreline changes
In this study, the changes that occurred are presented to illustrate the interactions between natural and man made features that helped the Küçük Menderes Delta coastline develop its present characteristics. In this study, with the purpose of detecting shoreline the shoreline change of the Küçük Menderes Delta, multispectral Landsat images from the years of 1975, 1987, 1999, 2003, 2010, 2016 based on Landsat images, shoreline belonging to these years is drawn numerically and shoreline change belonging to these years in Küçük Menderes delta is provided with the help of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing method and software. Observations made during the field survey showed factors creating the changes in area that were then examined and the extent of the changes were revealed. When these changes are analyzed, it is determined that there is a progress in the Küçük Menderes Delta.
Effects of climate change in zanzibar and sustainable land management
The concept of climate change is very crucial in today's world as far as the sustainability of our planet is concerned. We have been witnessing unexpected rapid and erratic changes of our planet's climate over the past few decades. This is also coupled with the occurrence of extreme weather conditions throughout the world as a result of these changes. Our planet Earth has also witnessed major floods, droughts and a steep climb in global temperatures. Social factors, such as increasing population growth and rapid urbanization and industrialization have contributed to an increased pressure on land resources and the environment worldwide. Unprecedented deforestation and land degradation have been taking place from savannah grasslands to the deep rainforests, and the oil-rich desserts to the megacities. The change in our climate, with the help of contributing social factors, has exacerbated the pressure that our land resources have been facing. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the effects of climate change and changes in land covers for sustainable management of land in Zanzibar Islands using remote sensing techniques and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). With the help of remotely sensed data from satellite systems and locally gathered metrological data, a relationship between land cover changes and climate change in Zanzibar. The study is deemed to be useful in providing a way for planners and researchers to formulate policies and current policy adaptation in preservation and management of land resources in Zanzibar.