Kentsel alanlarda sosyoekonomik yapı ile kentsel ulaşım ağı verimliliği arasındaki ilişkinin sapak endeksi (circuity derecesi) kullanılarak incelenmesi

Equally distributed, accessible, and available urban public services should be for every individual living in the city. Although urban areas are heterogeneous it does not justify providing services at different levels. This study aimed to reveal the disadvantaged urban areas by determining where the urban public transport network is sufficient/insufficient and to reveal whether relationships exist in the efficiency levels of public transportation and the socioeconomic variables. In this research, circuity degree was used to reveal the efficiency of public transportation systems. The linkage between the efficiency of public transportation systems and the socioeconomic characteristics was investigated in the İzmir metropolitan area and per capita income and population density were used as socioeconomic variables. Analyzes were done with using Geographical Information Systems. Global Moran's I and Anselin Local Moran's I statistics were used to investigate the spatial distribution of the efficiency; to reveal the relationship between efficiency and the socioeconomic variables, bivariate Global Moran's I and bivariate Anselin Local Moran's I were used. The results are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. It is revealed that the socioeconomic characteristics and the efficiency of the public transportation systems are significantly related and differentiated spatially. This study provides a worthy approach in spatially determining the urban public transport efficiency in urban areas and proved that the socioeconomic variables that affected the efficiency levels can be obtained spatially. The methods used in this research are easily applicable and provide results for the improvement of the public transportation network.