1980 presidential election process "Debates in the parliament and their reflection in the press"

From the proclamation of the Republic on October 29, 1923 and the establishment of the new Turkish State, 21 presidential elections were held until 2022. Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and İsmet İnönü were elected presidents 4 times, Celal Bayar 3 times, Cemal Gürsel, Cevdet Sunay, Fahri Korutürk, Turgut Özal, Süleyman Demirel, Ahmet Necdet Sezer and Abdullah Gül once by the Turkish Grand National Assembly. The presidential elections held in 1980 were inconclusive despite 115 rounds of voting in the parliament, and the country's administration was seized by the Turkish Armed Forces. Kenan Evren became the president with an article put in the constitutional referendum held in 1982. With the amendment made in the constitution in 2007, it was decided that the president would be elected by the people, and with the referendums held in 2014 and 2018, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was directly elected as the president by the people. During the 37-year period in which the 1921 constitution and then the 1924 constitution were in effect, the parliament elected the president without any problems in the presidential elections. In the period when the 1961 and 1982 constitutions were in effect, political deadlocks arose from time to time in the presidential elections. In countries where republican regimes are implemented, the head of state is the president. According to the 1982 constitution, the president is the head of the executive and the head of state. Presidential elections in Turkey; It is carefully followed by all segments of society, especially the press, judiciary, economic circles and armed forces. Therefore, the presidential elections held in Turkey affect and cover all segments. The 1980 presidential elections, which was our subject, did not come to an end despite the 115 rounds of voting held in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, as the parties in the parliament could not produce a common candidate and any candidate could not get the necessary votes to be elected. In this process, economic problems, anarchy and polarization increased in the country, and with the military intervention of 12 September 1980, the Turkish Armed Forces seized power. Within the scope of the research, the presidential elections held in Turkey until 1980 will be briefly mentioned, and the issue of how the 1980 presidential election took place in the parliamentary minutes and in the press will be emphasized.