Kuhistânî'nin (ö. 1544/950) Şerḥu Fıḳhi'l-Keydânî isimli eserinin tahkik ve incelenmesi / "Sharh Fiqh al-Kidani" by al-Mawla al-Qahistani (d. 950 AH/1544 AD): Study and investigation

This thesis aimed to study and investigate the book of Sheikh Shams al-Din alQahistani (d. 950 AH/1544 AD); He is one of the jurists of the Hanafi school of jurisprudence, one of the scholars of the tenth century AH. He named his book: "Jami' Al-Mabani Sharh Fiqh Al-Kidani," even though the author did not explicitly state this name. It is an explanation in which all the issues related to prayer, including its pillars, conditions, forms, and parts, are collected, along with their evidence, and it presents many of the sayings of Hanafi jurists, from sources, some of which are still manuscripts or are lost. Three handwritten copies were used to verify the book: the Nur Usmaniye Library copy, the Sulaymaniyah Library copy, and the Fatih Library copy in Istanbul. The study also followed the historical descriptive approach when researching the personal and scientific biography of both Imam Al-Kidani and Al-Qahistani. In the investigated section, the interview method was followed, which is based on interviewing and comparing the written versions, and proving the differences between them in the margin, with the extraction of the sayings and texts contained in the text and attributing them to their speakers. The conclusions of the study were: The introduction to prayer is one of the most important short texts written in Hanafi jurisprudence, and it has many explanations. Among them is Al-Qahistani's explanation, which is considered one of the best and most extensive explanations of Al-Muqaddimah Al-Kidaniyya, as witnessed by biographies. Al-Qahistani was distinguished by his accuracy in transmission and documentation. He used to mention the names of scholars and the names of the books from which he quoted. As for his sources, he relied on the main books of Hanafi jurisprudence, such as: Al-Muhit Al-Burhani by Ibn Mazzah, Al-Mabsut by As-Sarakhsi, Al-Binaye Sharh Al-Hidaya by Badr Al-Din Al-Ayni, and many others. Imam AlQahistani expanded by mentioning the evidence for the issues he discusses from the Qur'an and Sunnah, by mentioning only the aspect of the evidence in them without mentioning the entire evidence. The book also reflected the author's scholarly personality, and his extensive knowledge of most of the books of Hanafi jurisprudence, including independent works and explanations of the texts, as well as other schools of jurisprudence such as the Shafi'i. Which gave his explanation great scientific value, and Al-Qahistani was not just a commentator on the text of Al-Kidani, but rather he discussed and objected to the words of the text (Al-Kidani), meaning or verbally, which demonstrates (reveals) his intellectual independence and his good investigation of the subject and objects. Keywords: Fiqh. Al-Kidani. Jami' Al-Mabani. Al-Qahistani. The Prayer. Investigation.