Viziership authority in the Abbasid Period (H.183-295/g.800-908)

In the history of Islam, there have been people known as vizier. However, the transformation of the vizierate into an institutional structure took place during the Abbasid Period. The institution, which became stronger especially under the management of the Iranian Bermeki family, could not have this power again after the Bermekis were eliminated from the administration. The viziers of both took an active role in the struggle between Caliph Emin and Me'mûn. Thus, the vizier institution, the Arab vizier of Caliph Emin, Fazl b. er-Rebî' and the Iranian vizier of Caliph Me'mûn, Fazl b. It came to the fore with the struggle of Sahl. The desire of Caliph Mu'tasim, who wanted to reduce the effectiveness of Iranian and Arab elements in the administration, to take advantage of the Turks, caused Turkish commanders and administrators to influence the vizierate institution in the future. Thus, the institution witnessed viziers of Turkish origin during the Samerra Period (C. 833-892), when Turkish influence was evident. The decrease in the influence of Iranian and Turkish elements in the state administration will only occur with the policy of Caliph Mu'tazid aimed at breaking the Turkish influence. In parallel with this, the vizierate institution will enter a more independent period. In this study, the institution of vizierate is explained by examining the word and its institutional origin. The historical adventure of the viziership is also discussed. The institution was analyzed around the divan organization, which accelerated the institutionalization process. The structure of the vizierate, which became official and institutionalized during the Abbasid Period, was examined from appointments and dismissals to the types of duties, from the clothes used by the viziers to the officers under their command. The institutional review was followed by the handling of the people who came to this office during the period of the caliphs, which was included in the scope of the study. Thus, it has been observed that the institution of the vizierate, and therefore the viziers, gained power in some periods and lost power in other periods against the caliph. As a result, it was determined that the vizierate lost power especially during the Samerra Period, when the Turks were influential. Based on this, the third and fourth parts of the study were formed on the basis of the Samarra Period. Thus, it is aimed to determine the phases of the vizierate institution. It has been determined that the most advanced period, which we can call the golden age of viziership, was experienced during the period of the Bermeki vizier family. A general evaluation of the vizierate institution has been made with its definition and scope, its emergence and the use of the concept until the Abbasids, its relationship with the divans and the analysis of its institutional structure in the Abbasid Period. Thus, it has been predicted that examining the origin of the vizierate in detail will benefit such studies. In the study, attention was drawn to the functioning of the vizierate in the Abbasid Period. Keywords: Abbasids, samerra period, viziership, viziers.