Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Abelmoschus Esculentus fruit extract

In in recent times, nanotechnology has emerged as an important investigating domain within new materials science, with the synthesis of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles gaining prominence due to its prospective uses in the advancement of novel technologies. The green synthesis of nanoparticles, which involves the use of both plants and microorganisms (some examples of which are bacteria, fungi, algae, and mosses), is of great significance since it has a minimum impact on both human health and the environment. Nanoparticle synthesis using green chemistry is significant as an alternative method due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, environmental sustainability, and appropriateness for large-scale manufacturing. Additionally, metal oxide nanoparticles that are synthesized using this method are utilized in a variety of fields. The present study investigates the environmentally benign synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their characterization. ZnO nanoparticles were effectively synthesized by bioreducing a Zn2+ solution using Abelmoschus esculentus (AE) fruit extract under optimal conditions. UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential were the techniques that were utilized in order to characterize the biosynthesized AE-ZnO nanoparticles. The presence of AE-ZnO nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy the observation of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 374 nm. FT-IR spectroscopy was employed to identify the functional groups (flavonoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, and tannins) in the structure of AE fruit extract before to and during reduction. SEM investigation indicated that AE-ZnO nanoparticles were within the nanoscale range, exhibited a spherical morphology, and demonstrated uniform distribution. EDX analysis verified the fundamental components of AE-ZnO nanoparticles and distinctly indicated the presence of zinc. XRD analysis confirmed both the crystalline structure and purity of AE-ZnO nanoparticles. According to zeta-sizer analysis results, the average particle size of the synthesized AE-ZnO NPs was 141.7 nm, and the average zeta potential charge value was measured as -7.42 meV after three replicate measurements.