The effect of the morphological structures of the vertebrae between lower and upper end vertebra on Cobb angle in AIS

Scoliosis is the most common deformity of the spine. Lateral curvatures of 10 degrees or more in the frontal plane on direct radiographs taken while lying down are defined as scoliosis. In scoliosis, the deformity is not only limited to the frontal plane, but also a three-dimensional deformity that includes the sagittal and axial planes. Lateral shift in the frontal plane, rotation in the axial plane, and intervertebral extension leading to lordosis in the sagittal plane are seen. Idiopathic scoliosis can occur at any age during growth. In terms of its occurrence, it peaks in three time periods. The first year of life, between the ages of 5 and 6, and the period from the age of 11 to the completion of skeletal development are the most common time periods. In this way, idiopathic scoliosis is divided into three groups according to the age at which the deformity begins Idiopathic scoliosis constitutes approximately 80% of structural scoliosis, and the cause of the deformity is unknown. Diagnosis of idiopathic scoliosis can be made by the absance of neurological causes and other symptoms (such as skin spots in neurofibromatosis) with a good physical examination, and excluding congenital anomalies by radiological examination.