The location of post-disaster gathering areas in urban open and green area systems - case of Kastamonu city

Depending on the physical characteristics of the geography of the cities in which they are located, serious costs are paid in terms of human, economic and physical structure because of natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, large fires and rockfall and rapid migration of cities and human-induced risks resulting from unplanned and uncontrolled growth. While there is no compensation for the loss of lives in cities as a result of disasters, it takes a long time to recover from the psychological collapse experienced by the people due to physical and economic damages. As a reason for the increase in human losses and disaster losses in disaster incidents in cities, the weakness of structures in the city against the disasters, lack of infrastructure, risk analysis in cities and accordingly, the lack of importance in making risk reduction plans may be shown. In addition,as the reason why post-disaster people are more affected by the effects of the disaster or secondary disasters, it can be said that it is due to the lack of safe urban open green spaces and quickly reachable areas.The aim of this study is to determine the locations of the post-disaster gathering areas in Kastamonu city center over the open and green areas specified in the master plan, and to propose suggestions for the gathering areas that are not in the master plan. In this context, the risk areas that may occur in the city after the disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, fire, rock falls and floods within the scope of the disaster scenario prepared for the city center were determined by taking into consideration the database created by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS), according to this analysis, risk-free areas that can be used as gathering areas were determined from areas defined as open and green areas in the mater plan. For neighborhoods that do not have space to be used as a gathering area, the locations of the suggestion gathering areas have been determined. After the findings, suggestions were made to restructure the disaster response plan and to review the land use decisions in the master plans. As a result of the study, when the gathering areas in Kastamonu Disaster Response Plan are examined, it is seen that they serve %39 of the urban population within the service areas. When the open and green areas that can be used as a gathering area in Kastamonu are examined, it is seen that an estimated %89 of the population in the service area in 2018 could receive services but the capacity of the areas is not sufficient and there are no an open and green areas that can be gathered when the neighborhood is examined on the basis of Beyçelebi, Esentepe, Kırkçeşme, Yavuzselim, Topçuoğlu neighborhoods