Effects of risk factors on morbidity and mortality in patients treated with thrombolytic treatment for acute ischemic stroke

Objective: This thesis research aimed to analyze patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke in the Emergency Department of our hospital. These patients were divided into two groups in the present study: patients administered thrombolytics and those who were not. In addition, in our study, we aimed to determine how much the patients benefited from this treatment after the thrombolytic treatment applied in our hospital. Introduction: Intravenous thrombolytic therapy is an effective and life-saving method in acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to hospital within the first 4.5 hours. Stroke is a public health problem. Thus, by informing the public about stroke, the chance of thrombolytic treatment can be provided, and the number of patients living independently can be increased. Material and Methods: In this study, 108 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke in the Emergency Department of Adıyaman University Faculty of Medicine Training and Research Hospital between March 2018 and June 2021, and in whom no bleeding was revealed in computed tomography images, were included. Hospitalization and outpatient clinic records of 55 patients who were administered with thrombolytic therapy were reviewed retrospectively. Hospital records of 53 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke after admission to the hospital but were not administered intravenous thrombolytic therapy or endovascular therapy between roughly the same dates were reviewed retrospectively. The primary endpoint of this study was specified as the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, which indicates the severity of the stroke, and the Modified Rankin Scale score, which indicates the level of disability, were determined as the endpoint of the study at the end of three months. Results: In this study, 108 people were included. Thrombolytic therapy was administered to 55 of the patients (50.9%). In 55 patients who received thrombolytic therapy, mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 141 ± 24, and mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 85±10, while mean blood glucose was 146.58 mg/dl, and NIHSS values were 11.78 ± 5 (min. 3, max:22). When the magnetic resonance images of the patients were evaluated, 90.9% of the patients had infarcts in the anterior circulation watershed area. The mean time to hospital admission of the patients included in the XIII present study upon the onset of symptoms was 108±53 minutes. The time passed between the arrival of the patients to the hospital and the thrombolytic administration was 42±25 minutes, and the time between the onset of symptoms and the thrombolytic administration was 150±49 minutes. Discussion: In conclusion, our study shows that thrombolytic therapy is effective in the early treatment of ischemic stroke and patients in our neurology clinic also benefit from this treatment. Keywords: Stroke, thrombolytic therapy, disability.