Assessment of possible protective effects of syringic acid on ischemic reperfusion injury in an acute ischemic priapism model

Introduction In the case of ischemic priapism in the penis, venous obstruction and stasis in the corpus cavernosum occur. Event of delay in the treatment, lead to necrosis of cavernous smooth muscles, irreversible corporal fibrosis and erectile dysfunction. As a result of many interrelated mechanisms, priapism ends in the ongoing process and ischemia reperfusion damage occurs. Currently, there is no medical treatment used to prevent tissue damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury in the treatment of priapism. Syringic acid is one of the most common pure phenol compounds in the human diet. Syringic acid is an active ingredient found in many fruits and vegetables, including grapes, oats, wheat, apples, corn, tea and coffee. Objective It is aimed to evaluate the possible positive effects of syringic acid on priapism+reperfusion injury in a penile ischemia-reperfusion model created in rats from a histological and biochemical point of view. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, a total of 18 adult male rats (Spraque Dawley type, weighing 350-400 g),were used (3 groups; 6 rats in each group; control, priapism+reperfusion, priapism+ reperfusion+ syringic acid). Changes in tissue levels of TOS, TAS, OSI, GSH, MPO, GRP78, ATF6, CHOP, MDA, SOD, GPx,IL-6,CAT,CASPASE-3,TNF-alfa in the penectomy material taken and histological characteristics of the penis tissue taken from the sacrificed rats (cavernous sinus congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, separation in the tunica albuginea) were evaluated. Findings In our study, it was observed that syringic acid could biochemically prevent the deterioration in tissue MDA, TAS and OSI values, but no statistically significant improvement was observed in histological examinations. Result It is believed that syringic acid may be effective in preventing biochemical damage that may occur in tissues in case of priapism/reperfusion.