An analysis of the problems arising from the transformation of island settlements closely related to the mainland: The case of Heybeliada

Heybeliada, which is closely associated with the mainland, has undergone continuous sociological, cultural, and architectural changes since the beginning of the first settlement. It is observed that this change has accelerated particularly in recent times, and the Island has undergone a significant transformation. Accordingly, the causes of the transformation on the Island, the determination of the problems related to these causes, and the seek for solutions to the determined problems have become the main topic of conversation, which has been the major motivation of this study. In the light of this aim, a comprehensive literature review was carried out on Heybeliada, including the geographical, topographical, and geological structure, climate and vegetation, population and economy, transportation network, mines, and ports. The historical events affecting the history of Heybeliada were identified. Based on the location determination activities and the investigations on the alterations in the urban fabric of Heybeliada, the preference of Heybeliada by the new residents was determined as the most important reason among the reasons for transformation. In this context, the importance of the island culture and being an islander, the coherence of the living conditions in Heybeliada with the Cittaslow urban movement, which is one of the growing recommendations for urban ecological life and, the role and importance of Heybeliada within the conditions of the pandemic were demonstrated. The changes in the functions of public buildings were examined, the idle structures were identified, and the presence and activities of non-governmental organizations in Heybeliada were mentioned as the other reasons. In addition, the changes brought about by the course of life were described based on observations, examinations, and individual interviews on the beginning of the summerhouses to be also used as winter houses, and the process of renting the houses. The problems caused by these transformations in Heybeliada were determined with a survey. The proposed solutions for these problems were presented and classified.