Static and dynamic analysis of anchored retaining walls

In sloping lands, structures made at vertical or near vertical angles for purposes such as keeping the ground at a steeper angle in terms of natural slope, preventing the ground against sliding, creating the borum floor curtains in the building, serving as the side foot in bridges, keeping the side walls of deep excavations against collapse are called retaining walls. Within the scope of this thesis study; four different types of retaining walls, TYPE-1 with a height of 5 metres, TYPE-2 with a height of 10 metres, TYPE-3 with a height of 15 metres and TYPE-4 with a height of 20 metres, were selected with the same materials but varying size widths. The selected retaining walls are under the effect of sandy soil and clay soil: TYPE-1 retaining wall without anchors and with 1 row of anchors; TYPE-2 retaining wall without anchors, with 1 row of anchors and 2 rows of anchors; TYPE-3 retaining wall without anchors, with 1 row of anchors, 2 rows of anchors and 3 rows of anchors; Both static and dynamic analyses were performed for TYPE-4 retaining wall without anchors, with 1 row of anchors, with 2 rows of anchors, with 3 rows of anchors and with 4 rows of anchors. In the analyses, the ground water level was assumed to be very deep. The analyses were performed using "Plaxis 8.2 Input" and "Slide" programmes. The data of the 2011 Van Earthquake were used for the dynamic analysis in Plaxis programme. For the dynamic analysis of the total collapse, the equivalent earthquake coefficient of Van Province was used and defined in the Slide programme. The results of the programme outputs were compared according to the retaining wall types. When When the analyses are examined, it is seen that the static and dynamic analyses of the unsafe retaining walls have become safe by anchoring or there are differences in displacements compared to the situation without anchors. Depending on the soil class, differences are also observed in the displacement directions. It is seen that the anchors affect the outward displacements in a decreasing direction and the inward displacements in an increasing direction. Increasing the number of anchor rows and decreasing the distance between the anchors has a decreasing effect on the outward displacement retaining walls and an increasing effect on the inward displacement retaining walls. In the dynamic analyses, the same conditions as in the static analyses are observed and vice versa.