Assessment of organotin and pesticide compounds used asantifouling biocides by GC – MSMS/Q-TOF techniques in the Samsunharbour bottom sediment from south black sea, Turkey

Antifouling chemicals enables that marine vessels needs less maintenance and spend a long time on marine water economically. In the view of environmental benefits is that they also prevent invasive species distribution and less fuel consumption. Organotin compounds were massively used on marine vessels due to most effective chemicals on fouling organisms. However, except for benefits, they have a deleterious effect on untargeted marine organisms and the ecosystem. For this impact, they have been banned to utilize antifouling paint ; Alternative booster biocides also banned or some of them have been restricted. This thesis deals firstly with organotin butyl and phenyl compounds and alternative pesticides (Diuron, Chlorothalonil, Dichlofluanid, DCOIT, Irgarol, and Folpet) conditions and quantitative distribution in Samsun Port (Karadeniz) by using Tandem GC – MSMS/Q-TOF techniques. For each group (organotin compounds and pesticides), extraction and analytical process were developed in sediment samples. The developed method was validated with certified reference material. Although the organotin compounds and pesticides usage were banned, they have been found in the sampled stations (Docking, repairment stations) in the port where the concentration of pollutants (5.1 – 669.5 ng/g) was high in less marine traffic and limited water exchange stations. Total organotin compounds in port distribution were mainly MBT+TBT (84 %), profoundly present of MBT (53 %) was supported the hypothesis that not only comes from fresh input also biological activity byproducts of TBT. As for pesticide compounds; because there is no agricultural activity is exists in the port vicinity, distribution of diuron (n.d. – 11.28 ng/g) and irgarol (n.d. – 26.53 ng/g) concentrations in the port are supported the idea that maritime activity from ships. Compared the acquired results with accepted ecotoxicological risk and updated sediment quality guidelines in the literature, it has been observed that Samsun port sediments are polluted with antifouling biocides as utilized banned organotin compounds and alternative pesticides.